人体胸廓三维有限元模型的建立及应力分析研究

目的建立人体胸廓有限元计算机模型,并对模型进行模拟胸部按压应力分析以验证其有效性,为探讨心肺复苏时胸外按压的机制及临床效果提供生物力学研究的新思路。方法采用螺旋CT对一成年男性新鲜尸体标本进行胸部扫描,在此基础上建立完整人体胸廓的三维有限元模型。对模型进行垂直方向模拟按压加载,分析胸廓各部位的位移及应力分布。结果建立了包括锁骨、肋骨、脊柱等结构的人体胸廓的三维有限元模型,共356562个节点、215808个单元,并依据CT图像灰度值将模型区分为6种材料性质。垂直方向按压加载,向下移位最大部位是胸骨,而应力集中部位是肋骨最后部。结论重建的人体胸廓具有非常精确的组织结构信息,能够为人体胸廓按压提供生物力学仿真基础。

Establish the three - dimensional finite element model of the human thorax and stress analysis

Objective To establish a three-dimensional finite element computer model of the human thorax and simulate chest pressing ,in order to validate theavailability of the model, and provide biomechanics investigative new thinking for approach the mechanisms and clinic effect of CPR. Methods Taking the image datum from CT of one male corpse, to establish a integrity three-dimensional-finite element analysis model of the human thorax. The stresses of the model were analyzed during the perpendicularity loading. Result Establish the three-dimensional finite element model of the human thorax, it consisted of clavicle, Costa, Spine and so on. The mesh division and the elements of the model were 356 562 nodes and 215 808 elements, the model were discriminated into six kind of material. The effect of the perpendicularity loading indicated that the maximum downward displacement was breast bone, and the maximum force was on theposterior part of costa. Conclusions The finite element model constructed has the advantages of intact structure and precise elements which can provide the biomechanics basis for human chest pressing.