海南省推广应用乙肝疫苗10年效果分析

目的评估乙肝疫苗在海南省推广应用10年的效果，为制定乙肝控制策略提供科学依据。方法按随机原则根据海南省不同经济状况分层抽取5个市县，各市县根据不同经济水平抽取3个点，每个点按年龄组对1-10岁儿童各调查30-50名；按调查表内容调查儿童乙肝疫苗接种史和表面抗原携带率(HBsAg)，并与1992年全国肝炎流调资料进行比较分析。结果调查了1-10岁儿童1552名，乙肝接种率为54.2％，HBsAg平均携带率为6．44％。在1992年全国肝炎流调的同一地区10岁以下儿童中，乙肝疫苗接种率由0提高到92．3％，HBsAg携带率由乙肝疫苗推广应用前的16，2％降到了2，11％；不同经济水平地区乙肝疫苗接种率和HBsAg携带率不同。结论推广新生儿乙肝疫苗接种是降低人群乙肝感染率的极其有效的措施，经济条件是影响海南乙肝疫苗接种率和HBsAg携带率的主要因素。建议提高新生儿乙肝疫苗接种率和及时率，确保安全注射是实现乙肝控制目标的重要策略。

Analysis on effect of utilizing hepatitis B vaccine for 10 years in Hainan Province

Objective In order to evaluate the effect of utilizing hepatitis typo B vaccine for 10 years in Hainan province to provide scientific basis for drawing up strategy of controlling hepatitis type B. Methods 5 cities/counties were sampled according to random rule. 3 sites were sampled according to different economic level in every city/county. 30-,50 children who were 1-10 years old were investigated in every site. Their immunization history of hepatitis type B vaccine and HbsAg carrying rate were investigated and the result was compared with the data of epidemiology survey in 1992 in Hainan province. Results 1552 children were investigated. The results showed that The immunization coverage was increased to 92.3% from 0 in the same area of 1992. The HbsAg carrying rate was reduced to 2. 11% from 16. 2%, The immunization coverage of hepatitis type B vaccine and HbsAg carrying rate were different in different economic level area. Conclusion spreading immunization of hepatitis typo B vaccine of newborn babies was the most effective measure to reduce infection rate of hepatitis type B virus in Hainan province. The economic level was the major influencing factor of immunization coverage of hepatitis type B vaccine and HbsAg carrying rate in Hainan province. Recommendation Improving immunization coverage and in-time rate of hepatitis type B vaccine and ensuring safety injection were the important strategy in order to realize the aim for controIling hepatitis type B.