三七的急性毒性及致突变性试验研究

目的: 探讨三七的急性毒性和致突变性,为评价其安全性提供毒理学依据。方法: 采用小鼠急性经口毒性试验、小鼠骨髓嗜多染红细胞微核试验、小鼠精子畸形试验和Ames试验,参考《食品安全性毒理学评价程序》进行。小鼠急性经口毒性试验采用最大耐受剂量法,折合剂量为15 g/kg。小鼠骨髓嗜多染红细胞微核试验及小鼠精子畸形试验均设10.00、5.00、2.50 g/kg剂量组,另设溶剂和阳性对照组。Ames试验设2、8、40、200、1 000、5 000 μg/皿剂量组,另设自发回变组、溶剂及阳性对照组。结果: 急性毒性试验显示小鼠对三七经口灌胃的最大耐受剂量>15 g/kg。小鼠骨髓嗜多染红细胞微核试验和精子畸形试验中,各剂量组的微核率和精子畸形率与溶剂对照组比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。Ames试验中,在加与不加S9时各剂量组回变菌落数均未超过自发回变菌落数的2倍,亦无剂量-反应关系,结果为阴性。结论: 在本实验条件下,三七对小鼠的经口急性毒性属于无毒级,对小鼠体细胞、雄性生殖细胞和鼠伤寒沙门氏菌组氨酸缺陷型菌株均未见潜在的致突变性。

Study on acute toxicity and mutagenicity of Panaxnotoginseng

OBJECTIVE: To access the safety of Panaxnotoginseng as a health food through assessing its acute toxicity and mutagenicity. METHODS: Oral acute toxicity test,mouse bone marrow micronucleus test,mouse sperm malformation test,Ames test were performed according to the national standard procedures for toxicological assessment of foods. RESULTS: The MTD of Panaxnotoginseng in mouse was more than 15 g/kg,the polychromatic eryrocyte micronucleus rates,sperm abnormality rates at all doses (10.00,5.00,2.50 g/kg) were not significantly different from the solvent control. In the presence or absence of S9 or not,the number of revertant colonies in six dose groups (2,8,40,200,1 000,5 000 μg/plate) did not exceed 2- fold of the spontaneous revertant colony number,nor was there a dose-response relationship,the results of Ames test was negative. CONCLUSION: Panaxnotoginseng did not show acute toxicity and mutagenicity under our study conditions.