交通警察精神及神经行为功能状况调查研究

目的：评价交通污染对交通警察精神及神经行为功能状况的影响。方法：选取202名外勤交通警察作为暴露组,171名其他警种警察为对照组,两组均为男性,采用SCL－90症状自评量表和WHO推荐的神经行为核心测验组合（NCTB）同时进行精神及神经行为功能状况调查。结果：SCL－90症状自评量表结果显示：交警阳性项目数平均为36．56,其他警种警察为28．82,两者差异有非常显著性意义（P＜0．01）。神经行为功能测试结果显示：与对照组相比,交警多项指标得分降低,其中数字跨度－倒序的差异有高度显著性（P＝0．001）,视觉记忆（P＝0．095）、数字译码（P＝0．108）和目标追踪（P＝0．073）三项指标的差异接近显著性。随警龄增高,SCL－90症状自评量表中躯体不适因子分增高,神经行为标准得分则有降低的趋势。结论：由于多种职业有害因素的同时增加了对交通警察精神和神经系统损伤的危险性。

A survey of the psychological state and neurobehavioral function of traffic policemen

Objective To evaluate the adverse effects of traffic pollution on psychological state and neurobehavioral function of traffic policemen. Methods 202 male traffic policemen(exposed group) and 171 male non traffic policemen (control group) were asked to complete SCL 90 questionnaire (symptoms self evaluatin scale) and to be tested with WHO neurobehavioral core test battery (NCTB) simultaneously. Results The numbers of positive items were 36.56 in the exposed group and 28.82 in the control group in SCL 90 symptoms self evaluation scale survey, the difference was highly significant ( P<0.01 ). The results of NCTB test showed that comparison to the control group, traffic policemen had lower scores in digit span ( P=0.001 ), benton visual retention ( P=0.095 ), digit symbol substitution ( P=0.108 ) and pursuit aiming ( P=0.073 ) tests. Also, a link between the length of service years and the results of both SCL 90 and NCTB in the exposed group was found: the longer the length of service years, the lower of the NCTB scores, but higher the positive items in SCL 90. Conclusion Our results indicated that being exposed to multiple occupational factors simultaneously, the traffic policemen had an impaired risk both in the psychological state and the nervous system.