梗阻性黄疸的CT和ERCP诊断

目的 通过分析梗阻性黄疸的CT和ERCP表现，总结出有意义的征象，以提高本病的诊断水平。方法 回顾性分析经病理证实的梗阻性黄疸病例的ERCP(68例)及CT(45例)表现。结果 良性梗阻性黄疸一般表现为胆总管扩张较轻，肝内胆管呈枯枝状，胆总管由上至下逐渐变细；恶性者则一般表现为胆管中-重度扩张，肝内胆管如软藤状，扩张的胆管由上至下突然中断。结论 CT和ERCP均能对梗阻性黄疸作出较准确的定位及定性诊断，但互有长短，疑胆总管下端梗阻时联合运用两种检查方法，可提高诊断准确率。

CT and ERCP diagnosis of obstructive jaundice

Objective To evaluate some specific CT and ERCP findings for differentiating the nature of biliary obstructive diseases. Methods In total 85 cases of obstructive jaundice verified by pathology were selected. the CT findings in 45 cases and ERCP features in 68 cases were retrospectively analyzed. Results Mild dilatation of intrahepatic bile ducts were usually found in benign diseases, while moderately or severely dilated intrahepatic bile ducts were revealed in malignancies. Dilatation of intrahepatic bile ducts in vine pattern was one of the characteristic signs of malignant lesions, while "withered branches" dilatation was usually found in benign diseases. Dilated extra-hepatic bile duct abruptly narrowed or obstructed was a typical finding in malignancies, while gradual tapering of common bile duct at the obstructed level usually indicated benign nature of the disease. Conclusion Both CT and ERCP are valuable modalities in locating and differential diagnosis of biliary obstruction. A combined evaluation improves the accuracy of diagnosis.