健康教育与健康宣教在社区儿童保健中的应用效果

目的：探索健康教育与健康宣教在社区儿童保健中的作用。方法在深圳市某居民区随机抽取10个住宅小区200名儿童及其家长，随机分为对照组（n=200）和健康教育宣教组（n=200）。健康宣教组定期将家长组织起来开展专题讲座，在小区内发放健康教育的宣传手册，长期张贴内容丰富的养育海报，尽可能对家长进行一对一的指导培训，并提供联系方式以保证家长方便及时咨询。对照组仅发放养育宣传册。采用调查问卷的方式统计2组家长在接受健康教育后对儿童保健知识的掌握程度与儿童定期体检情况。结果在健康教育之前，2组家长对儿童保健知识有一定的了解，且差异无统计学意义（x^2=0.038，P〉0.05）；健康宣教组家长接受定期健康教育之后，儿童保健知识知晓率显著高于对照组（x^2=95.75,P〈0.001）。将调查儿童按年龄分为4个组后，发现健康宣教组儿童定期体检率均显著高于对照组儿童（P〈0.05）。结论通过对家长实施多种形式的健康教育，能够不断提高家长对儿童保健知识的掌握程度，提高儿童定期体检率，有助于社区儿童健康成长。

Effect of Health Education and Propaganda on Community Child Health

Objective To explore the effect of health education and propaganda on community child health. Methods A total of 200 children and their parents from 10 communities of Shenzhen were randomly divided into two groups： control group（n=200） and health education and propaganda group （n= 200）. In health education and propaganda group, special lecture was performed, health education brochures were distributed, content-rich posters about parenting were posted, one-on-one training was carried out, and contact information was provided for parents to facilitate the timely consultation. The control group only received health education brochures. The mastery of child health knowledge and situation of regular physical examination were investigated using questionnaires. Results Before health education, parents in both groups had some understanding of health knowledge, but there was no significant difference between the two groups （ x^2= 0.038, P〉0.05）. After regular health education, the awareness rate of child health knowledge in health education and propaganda group was significantly higher than that in control group（x^2= 95.75 ,P〈0.001 ）. After children were divided into four groups according to the age, the rate of regular physical examination in health education and propaganda group was significantly higher than that in control group（P〈0.05）. Conclusion Various forms of health education can improve the mastery of child health knowledge of parents, increase the rate of regular medical examination of children, and contribute to the healthy growth of community children.