失重性骨质疏松的发生机制及中药对其防治作用的研究进展

太空中由于重力消失,体液分布紊乱,会导致承重骨的肌肉发生进行性萎缩,骨骼所受到的应力刺激减少或消失,成骨细胞增殖障碍,从而导致了失重骨质疏松的发生。与其他骨质疏松不同的是该类型的骨质疏松的发生和发展具有一定的部位选择性,且返回地面后恢复比较困难。常规干预措施如药物、体育锻炼、机械刺激等虽然对缓解骨丢失起到一定的疗效,但也存在着一定弊端。中医认为"肾主骨生髓",主张从肾论治,收到了满意的疗效。在地面实验中,研究人员也发现采用补肾中药可以有效促进成骨细胞增殖,从而对抗模拟失重所造成的骨量丢失。因此本文拟对失重骨质疏松的发生机制及中医药在对抗失重骨质疏中的应用进行概述。

Mechanism of weightlessness osteoporosis and preventive and therapeutic effect of traditionial Chinese medicine

Weightlessness environment can lead to the muscle atrophy and body fluid distribution upward ,which can cause the bone calcium metabolism disorder and always accompanied by the loss of bone microstructure and increased rate of bone fracture. Under microgravity,the astronauts are much easier to decrease the Ca 2+ ion in bone,which can cause serious os- teoporosis. However the bone lost is not equilibrium,it is especially serious in the mechanism loading bone and the recovery process is more difficult. These are very different from the osteoporosis in older people and postmenopausal osteoporosis. It is necessary to find an optimal method to due with it. In traditional Chinese medicine theory ,the kidney stores "Jing" and domi- nates the bone,thus a lot of bone related diseases can be treated through the kidney. A lot of clinical practices have also proved that the Chinese herbs used under the guidance of basic Chinese medicine theory are always good at the treatment of common osteoporosis. In simulated weightlessness experiment,people found that the kidney nourishment drugs do can prevent the de- crease of BMD. So in this article we want to review the causes of weightlessness and the potentials applications of tradition Chi- nese medicine in the treatment of weightlessness osteoporosis.