双足鼠对侧拴系脊柱侧凸模型的建立

目的 观察双足鼠对侧拴系脊柱侧凸动物模型的效果.方法 将45只4周龄雌性Wistar大鼠随机分为三组.1组经皮下拴系左侧肩胛下角和对侧髂骨,使脊柱发生轻度右凸,再切除双前足和尾部建立双足鼠模型,第8周时去除拴系线,再观察2周.2组行左侧肩胛下角和同侧髂骨拴系,其余处理同1组.3组不建立双足鼠模型,其余处理同1组.术后均独立饲养,1组和2组用特制高笼,3组用标准鼠笼.比较三组的手术时间、术后首次进食时间、手术死亡率、体重、脊柱相对长度、冠状面和矢状面Cobb角、建模死亡率、二次手术率、脊柱侧凸发生率和椎体旋转发生率.结果 拴系后即刻三组冠状面Cobb角和矢状面Cobb角的差异均无统计学意义.建模后第10周,1组椎体旋转发生率(86.7%)明显大于2组(33.3%),冠状面Cobb角(30.2°±10.4°)和矢状面Cobb角(55.6°±10.0°)均明显大于3组(20.5°±7.7°和43.8°±6.3°).1组和2组手术时间长于3组.在术中及术后6 h内,三组大鼠均无死亡.三组间体重、首次进食时间、脊柱相对长度、建模死亡率、二次手术率和脊柱侧凸发生率的差异均无统计学意义.结论 椎骨的斜向和垂直应力可分别增加椎体旋转的发生和脊柱侧后凸的程度,双足鼠对侧拴系模型能较好地模拟人类的脊柱侧凸.

The creation of scoliosis by scapula-to-contralateral ilium tethering procedure in a bipedal rat model

Objective To create a new animal model which can preferably simulate the human's scoliosis. Methods Forty-five 4-week-old female Wistar rats were randomly divided into 3 groups. Group 1 underwent subcutaneous left scapula-to-contralateral ilium tethering procedure with a non-absorbable suture,which made the spine convex towards right side, and then removed forelimbs and tails of rats to create the bipedal rats. Tethering sutures were cut at postoperative 8th week, and the spines of rats were then observed during 2 weeks. Group 2 were the same as group 1 but in which scapula-to-ipsilateral ilium tethering procedure was performed. Group 3 were the same as group 1 except that the bipedal rats were not created. All postoperative rats were fed separately in special high cages for group 1 and group 2 or in standard cages for group 3. Operative duration, postoperative first food-taking duration, operative mortality, body weight, relative length of the spinal cord, Cobb angles in the coronal and sagittal planes, modeling mortality, the incidences of re-operation, scoliosis and vertebral rotation among the 3 groups were compared. Results There were no significant differences in the degree of scoliosis or kyphosis among the 3 groups at the time of initial tethering. At 2 weeks after tether release, the incidence of vertebral rotation was significantly higher in group 1 than group 2 (86.7% vs. 33.3%), and the degree of scoliosis or kyphosis was significantly larger in group 1 than group 3 (coronal plane: 30.2°±10.4° vs. 20.5°±7.7°; sagittal plane: 55.6°±10.0° vs. 43.8°±6.3°). There was no significant difference in postoperative first food-taking duration among the 3 groups, and no death of rats occurred in all groups during intraoperative and postoperative 6 hours, although operative duration was significantly longer in group 1 or group 2 than group 3. There were no significant differences in body weight,relative length of the spinal cord, modeling mortality, the incidences of re-operation and scoliosis among the 3 groups. Conclusion The bevel and axial loads of the vertebrae can significantly enhance the incidence of vertebral rotation and the degree of kyphoscoliosis, respectively. The scoliosis model created by scapula-to-contralateral ilium tethering procedure in bipedal rats can preferably simulate the human's scoliosis.