输血前不规则抗体筛查与临床安全输血

目的：回顾性分析本院输血患者血型不规则抗体的检出情况,探讨输血前不规则抗体筛查的重要性和高危科室。方法：微柱凝胶法和聚凝胺法对需要输血的2500例患者血清进行不规则抗体筛检。结果：2500例申请输血的患者不规则抗体总阳性率为1.0%;微柱凝胶检出的敏感度为100%,聚凝胺法敏感度为88.0%,2种方法的敏感度差异具有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。肝病科、肛肠科以及肾病科不规则抗体检出阳性率占了总阳性率的80.0%。结论：微柱凝胶法进行输血前不规则抗体的筛检敏感度高,更有利于保证临床上的输血安全;对于肝病科、肛肠科以及肾病科等出现反复输血的科室,在输血前更应该进行不规则抗体的筛查,以减少输血风险。

Irregular antibody screening before blood transfusion and safety of clinical blood transfusion

Objective：To investigate the importance of irregular antibody screening before blood transfusion and high-risk departments. Method：Irregular antibodies of 2500 patients were detected by microcolumn gel test and polybrene method. Result：The total positive rate of irregular antibodies of 2500 blood transfusion cases was 1.0%. Sensitivities of microcolumn gel test and polybrene method were 100% and 88.0%,respectively. The sensitivity difference between this two methods had statistical significance （P0.05）. The irregular antibody positive rate of patients in department of liver disease,anal and rectal disease and nephrology were 80.0%. Conclusion：Irregular antibody screening by microcolumn gel test before blood transfusion could be more sensitive to ensure clinical safe blood transfusion; for department of liver disease,anal and rectal disease and nephrology occuring repeated blood transfusions,irregular antibody screening before transfusion should be paid more attention to reduce blood transfusion risk.