枸橼酸咖啡因与氨茶碱治疗早产儿原发性呼吸暂停的临床对照研究

目的 探讨枸橼酸咖啡因与氨茶碱治疗早产儿原发性呼吸暂停的疗效。方法 80例原发性呼吸暂停早产儿入院后被分为两组，对照组（40例）给予氨茶碱治疗，观察组（40例）给予枸橼酸咖啡因治疗，依据治疗后的疗效、原发性呼吸暂停的发作次数和消失时间及治疗期间不良反应发生情况，评价枸橼酸咖啡因与氨茶碱治疗早产儿原发性呼吸暂停的疗效。结果 观察组有效率85.0%，对照组有效率75.0%，观察组有效率明显更高，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。观察组呼吸暂停发生次数少于对照组，消失时间短于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。治疗期间，观察组患儿心动过速、喂养不耐受、支气管肺发育等不良反应率均低于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论 与氨茶碱相比，枸橼酸咖啡因对早产儿原发性呼吸暂停具有较好的治疗效果，能快速降低呼吸暂停的发作频率，消除临床症状，具有较高的药物安全性，是理想的用于治疗原发性呼吸暂停的药物。

Clinical study of caffeine citrate and aminophylline in treatment of primary apnea of prematurity

Objective Discuss the clinical efficacy of caffeine citrate and aminophylline in treatment of primary apnea of prematurity. Methods 80 cases of primary apnea of prematurity were selected. They were divided into two groups randomly. The control group (40 cases) received aminophylline treatment and the observation group (40 cases) received caffeine citrate therapy. The efficacy of caffeine citrate and aminophylline in treatment of primary apnea of prematurity was evaluated by efficacy, primary apnea episodes and disappeared time, adverse reaction during treatment. Results The effective rate of observation group was 85%, the effective rate of control group was 75%. The observation group had higher efficiency (P < 0.05). The frequency of apnea of observation group was less than that of the control group. The disappearance time of observation group was shorter than that of the control group (P < 0.05). During the treatment, the tachycardia, feeding intolerance, bronchopulmonary dysplasia and other adverse reactions rate of observation group was lower than that of the control group (P < 0.05). Conclusion Compared with aminophylline, caffeine citrate had a good therapeutic effect of primary apnea of prematurity. It can reduce apnea frequency, eliminate clinical symptoms with high safety. It was an ideal drug for treatment of primary apnea.