心理护理干预对改善哮喘患儿临床症状和行为问题的效果研究

目的探讨心理护理干预对支气管哮喘患儿临床症状和行为问题的改善效果。方法纳入2013年1月-2014年12月在我院儿科住院治疗的支气管哮喘患儿104例,将其随机分为对照组(52例)和观察组(52例)。对照组患儿给予常规护理,观察组患儿在常规护理基础上给予心理护理干预。比较两组患儿哮喘症状的改善程度;并于护理前后,采用Achenbach儿童行为评定量表对两组患儿的行为进行检测。结果观察组43例患儿临床控制,5例显效,临床疗效为92.3%;对照组39例患儿临床控制,4例显效,临床疗效为82.7%,观察组的临床疗效明显高对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。护理前,两组患儿行为问题的检出率无统计学差异(P0.05)。护理后,观察组3例患儿检出行为问题,检出率5.8%,明显低于对照组(13.5%),差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。进一步分析显示:护理后,观察组男童在分裂焦虑、攻击性、强迫性、体诉、多动和违纪方面评分较护理前明显降低;观察组女童在社会退缩、抑郁和体诉方面的评分较护理前明显降低,其差异均具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论实施心理护理干预,能够改善支气管哮喘患儿的临床症状,改善行为问题,促进患儿身心康复。

Study on the effect of psychological nursing intervention on clinical symptoms and behavioral problems in children with asthma

Objective To study the effect of psychological nursing intervention on clinical symptoms and behavior problems in children with bronchial asthma.Methods A total of 104 children with bronchial asthma were recruited from January 2013 to December 2014 at our hospital.All the patients were randomly divided into control group and intervention group, 52 cases in each group.Patients in control group were given routine nursing, and patients in intervention group were given psychological nursing on the basis of routine nursing.The improvement of asthma symptoms for the two groups was compared, and the children's behaviors in the two groups were detected by using Achenbach children behavior rating scale before and after nursing intervention.Results There were 43 cases controlled clinically and 5 cases was cured in intervention group, yielding a clinical efficacy of 92.3%.And there were 39 cases controlled clinically and 4 cases was cured in control group, yielding a clinical efficacy of 82.7%, the clinical efficacy in the intervention group was significantly higher than that of control group, There was significant difference (P<0.05).There was no significant difference for behavior problems between the two groups before nursing care (P>0.05).There were 3 cases with behavioral problems in intervention group, the incidence of behavioral problems dropped to 5.8%, which was significantly lower than that of the control group (13.5%), there was significant difference(P<0.05).Further analysis showed that, for boy patients in intervention group, the scores of split anxiety, aggression, compulsive, somatic complaints, hyperactivity and discipline were significantly reduced after nursing care.And for girl patients in intervention group, the scores of social withdrawal, depression and somatic complaints were significantly reduced after nursing care, There was significant differences (P<0.05).Conclusion Strengthening of psychological nursing can relieve clinical symptoms and behavior problems, and promote physical and mental rehabilitation in children with bronchial asthma.