儿童静脉留置针家庭护理现状调查及对策分析

目的：了解目前门诊静脉留置针患儿家庭护理的现状，为护士开展静脉留置针家庭护理与指导提供依据。方法采用问卷调查、临床观察、访谈等方法，对523例门诊静脉留置针患儿及其家属进行调查分析。结果留置针患儿的家庭护理状况，99.4%家属接受留置针静脉滴注及留置针价格、80.5%使用前理解并知晓留置针的护理、40.5%家属对留置针留置时间长短满意、39.6%留置针被患儿抓扯、36.9%家属满意护士对留置针并发症的处理、23.3%家属认为留置针适宜家庭护理、99.0%家属担心脱针。留置针并发症中，渗漏占14.3%、堵管占6.1%、脱管占7.3%、红肿占12.2%、静脉炎占0.3%。结论目前，门诊静脉滴注患儿留置针家庭护理现状不理想，护士应加强静脉留置针的穿刺技巧以及系统的健康教育，保证留置针家庭护理安全性，有效降低留置针的并发症，从而提高患儿及家属的满意度。

Status investigation and countermeasure analysis on home nursing of children intravenous indwelling needle

Objective To understand the current status of home nursing of children intravenous indwelling needle in the outpatient,in order to provide basis and guidance for nurses to carry out home nursing. Methods Questionnaire survey,clinical observation,interview and so on were conducted among 523 outpatient children with intravenous indwelling needle and their rela-tives. Results 99.4%of the patient′s relatives accepted the intravenous infusion with indwelling needle and the price ,80.5%of the relatives understood and knew the nursing of indwelling needle before use ,40.5%of relatives was satisfied with the indwelling time,39.6%of indwelling needle was caught by the childern,36.9%of relatives was satisfied with the nurses′s treatment methods in dealing with the complications of indwelling needle ,23.3%of the relatives thought the indwelling needle was suitble for home care and 99.0%of the relatives was worried about the needle off the skin. Among the complications of indwelling needle ,leakage accounted for 14.3%,tube plugging accounted for 6.1%,needle slide accounted for 7.3%,swelling accounted for 12.2%,and phlebitis accounted for 0.3%. Conclusion Currently,home nursing children with intravenous indwelling needle is not satisfacto-ry,it is necessary to strengthen the puncture skills and systematic health education of intravenous indwelling needle ,in order to ensure the safety of home nursing for indwelling needle ,reduce the complications effectively and improve the satisfactory degree of patients and the relatives.