安徽枞阳县洪涝灾害对钉螺扩散及血吸虫病流行影响的研究

目的探讨洪涝灾害对钉螺扩散及血吸虫病流行的影响。方法分析安徽省枞阳县1979～2005年钉螺扩散与长江水位的关系,并对特大洪水溃堤的凤仪洲乡血吸虫病疫情现状进行调查。结果近27年枞阳县累计新增钉螺面积1562hm2,其中钉螺面积大幅度增加主要发生在长江高水位当年或之后的2～3年。凤仪洲溃堤后新增的钉螺面积未进一步扩大,但活螺密度、感染性钉螺密度和人与家畜的感染率较高。结论洪涝灾害是湖沼型血吸虫病流行区疫情反复以及难以控制传播的重要原因。

Studies on the impact of floodwater on Oncomelania snails diffusion and schistosomiasis transmission in Zongyang county, Anhui province

Objective To clarify the impact of floodwater on Oncomelania snails diffusion and schistosomiasis transmission.Methods The relationship between Oncomelania snails diffusion and water level of the Yangtze River in Zongyang county from 1979 to 2005 was analyzed.The current prevalence situation of schistosomiasis in Fengyi islet was investigated in which the embankment dam was broken in 1998.Results The snail area in Zongyang county increased 1562hm2 in recent 27 years and obviously in the year or two to three years later with high water level of the Yangtze River.The snail area in Fengyi islet didn't diffuse further after the embankment collapsed,but the density of living snails,the density of infective snails,and the infection rate of residents and domestic animals in the islet were relatively high.Conclusion The Floodwater was an important reason for the reoccurrence of schistosomiasis and the hindrance to control the transmission of schistosomiasis in marshland regions.