中性粒细胞胞外诱捕网与相关疾病的研究进展

中性粒细胞是机体防御系统的第一道防线,当机体遭受病原微生物的入侵,中性粒细胞即发挥强大的作用.研究发现,活化的中性粒细胞可以释放出非浓缩染色质形成网状支架,对病原体进行包围及限制,这一过程称为中性粒细胞胞外陷阱(neutrophil extracellular traps,NETs)形成(NETosis).NETs是由DNA骨架、组蛋白、颗粒成分以及胞浆蛋白组成的网状物,其能够网罗、杀伤病原体从而参与机体自身免疫应答,维护机体健康.然而,中性粒细胞胞外诱捕网的产生是一把双刃剑,近年来有研究表明,它可以引发代谢性疾病,如糖尿病(diabetes mellitus,DM),引起心血管疾病动脉粥样硬化(atherosclerosis,AS),参与自身免疫性疾病,如系统性红斑狼疮(system lupus erythematosus systemic lupus erythematosus,SLE)、类风湿性关节炎(rheumatoid arthritis,RA)的产生,还可以使自身凝血异常,刺激血栓形成并为其提供支架,因而研究NETs及其与疾病之间的关系具有重要意义.

Progress in the study of neutrophil extracellular trap and related diseases

Neutrophil is the first line of defense in the body's defense system,When the organism is subjected to the invasion of pathogenic microorganisms,neutrophils plays a powerful role.Studies have found that activated neutrophils can release non condensed chromatins that form formation mesh stent,in which pathogens were surrounded and restricted.This process is known as neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) formation or NETosis.Nets is composed of the DNA backbone,histone,grain composition and cytosolic protein network.It can snare and kill pathogens.Thus,nets participates in the immune response and maintains a healthy body.However,nets is a double-edged sword.In recent years,studies have shown that it can lead to metabolic diseases,such as DM.It can also cause cardiovascular diseases such as atheroscleros.Nets is also involved in autoimmune diseases,such as SLE,RA.Nets can also lead coagulation abnormalities and stimulates thrombus formation.