高糖高脂饮食对广西巴马小型猪肾脏病理结构的影响

目的:建立饮食诱导的广西巴马小型猪糖尿病模型,研究其肾脏的病理学改变。方法:将雄性广西巴马小型猪10只按体重随机分为两组,5只饲以基础饲料作为正常对照组,5只饲以高糖高脂高胆固醇饲料作为高糖高脂组,建模5个月后处死动物,取出左肾,计算左肾重/体重比值,常规制片,HE、PAS染色,观察肾脏组织病理学变化。结果:高糖高脂组部分肾小球肿胀,基底膜增厚,系膜区增宽,基质增加,少数肾小球纤维化,囊腔闭塞;小叶间动脉管壁增厚,平滑肌细胞增生,管腔狭窄。而对照组肾脏病理改变不明显。结论:用高糖高脂饮食喂养广西巴马小型猪5个月,可引起肾脏发生典型的早期病理改变,说明饮食诱导法可建立较理想的早期糖尿病肾病模型。

Pathologic change of kidney in diabetic minipig model induced by high-sucrose and high-fat diet

Objective:To establish an animal model similar to human type 2 diabetes mellitus in Guangxi Bama minipigs induced by high-sucrose and high-fat diet and to investigate the pathologic change of left kidney in diabetic minipigs.Methods:Ten male Guangxi Bama minipigs were randomly divided into two groups with similar body weight(control diet group and high-sucrose/high-fat group,n=5).At the end of 5 months,minipigs were sacrificed.Each left kidney was removed and weighed up,and calculated the kidney weight index(left kidney weight/body weight ratio,g/kg).A part of kidney tissues were sampled for histopathological examination with HE and PAS staining.Results:In high-sucrose/high-fat fed miniature pigs,part of glomerular capillaries were hypertrophic with thickened glomerular basement membrance,increased mesangial area and augment of extracellular matrix.Few of glomerular capillaries were fibrotic with destroyed structure of the glomerular capsule.The thickened wall,proliferation of smooth muscle cell and narrowed lumen were observed within interlobular artery.There was no obvious change in renal histology in CD-fed minipigs.Conclusion:Feeding high-sucrose/high-fat diet to Guangxi Bama minipigs can induce typical early-stage pathologic change of kidney,which is similar to histological features of human type 2 diabetic nephropathy.