Study of glucose profiles with continuous glucose monitoring in adolescents with poorly controlled type 2 diabetes mellitus

AIM: To evaluate glycemic excursions in adolescents with poorly controlled type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2). METHODS: Seventeen adolescents (12 F/5 M) underwent glucose monitoring for 3 days using a continuous glucose monitoring system (CGMS). Glucose measurements were divided into periods of euglycemia, hyperglycemia, and hypoglycemia. The percentage of each period, average glucose concentration per 24 h, day and night, the number of excursions, and area under the curve (AUC) of glucose >150 mg/dl and <70 mg/dl were calculated. RESULTS: On average, patients remained in euglycemia for 28.5%, hyperglycemia for 70%, and hypoglycemia 1.3% of the total day. Hyperglycemic excursions were more frequent during the day. Hypoglycemic events were more frequent during the night. 24-h average glucose, duration of glucose >150 mg/dl, and AUC >150 mg/dl correlate with HbA1c and fructosamine to varying degrees. CONCLUSION: Continuous glucose monitoring provide valuable information on glucose excursions in adolescents with poorly controlled DM2 and may be helpful in improving metabolic control of poorly controlled adolescents with DM2.