颏下岛状肌皮瓣血管的解剖与超声评价

目的探讨应用彩色多普勒超声检测颏下岛状肌皮瓣(submental musculocutaneous island flap),SMIF血管的显示价值,为SMIF的临床应用提供影像学信息。方法选取拟行SMIF移植的患者35例,术前应用彩色多普勒超声测量双侧颏下动脉起始处距离下颌骨下缘、下颌角及颏中点的距离;在超声下探测血管走行,同时行面前静脉、颌外动脉体表标记,并与术中所见血管解剖情况进行对比。结果 35例患者术前超声检测与术中所见符合率为100%;经超声探测出面前静脉的6种走行方式,颌外动脉的4种走行方式;测得左侧颏下动脉起始处距离下颌骨下缘的距离为(0.53±0.09)cm,距离下颌角的距离为(1.82±0.33)cm,距离颏中点的距离为(6.08±0.52)cm;右侧颏下动脉起始处距离下颌骨下缘的距离为(0.52±0.09)cm,距离下颌角的距离为(1.75±0.29)cm,距离颏中点的距离为(6.12±0.63)cm。结论彩色多普勒超声可以直观地显示SMIF血管的走行、分布及变异情况,从而为SMIF的制备提供影像学依据。

Anatomy and ultrasound evaluation of submental island musculocutaneous flap

Objective To explore the value of color Doppler ultrasound in detecting the blood vessels of Submental Musculocutaneous Island Flap(SMIF)to provide imaging information for the clinical application of SMIF.Methods 35 patients with SMIF transplantation were selected.Color Doppler ultrasound was used to measure the distance from the starting point of both submental arteries to the lower edge of mandible,mandibular angle and midpoint of chin before surgery;At the same time,the surface of the anterior vein and external jaw artery were marked and compared with the vascular anatomy seen during the operation.Results The coincidence rate of 35 patients with preoperative ultrasound detection and intraoperative findings was 100%;6 walking modes of the anterior vein and 4 walking modes of the external jaw artery were detected by ultrasound;the initiation of the left submental artery was measured The distance from the lower edge of the mandible is(0.53±0.09)cm,the distance from the mandible angle is(1.82±0.33)cm,and the distance from the midpoint of the chin is(6.08±0.52)cm;the right submental artery starts The distance from the lower edge of the mandible is(0.52±0.09)cm,the distance from the mandibular angle is(1.75±0.29)cm,and the distance from the midpoint of the chin is(6.12±0.63)cm.Conclusion Color Doppler ultrasound can intuitively display the running,distribution and variation of SMIF vascular pedicle,thus providing imaging basis for the preparation of SMIF.