新疆维吾尔族成人支气管哮喘的影响因素研究

摘要:目的　探讨新疆乌鲁木齐市维吾尔族人群成人支气管哮喘的影响因素。方法　本研究采用成组匹配病例对照研究方法，病例组为新疆医科大学第一附属医院呼吸内科在2014年1-12月确诊的维吾尔族支气管哮喘成人患者（n＝120例），对照组为同期体检中心健康维吾尔族体检者（n＝126例），两组在年龄、性别相匹配。采用问卷调查的方法收集相关暴露资料，并采用单因素分析及多因素非条件Logistic回归模型分析成人支气管哮喘影响因素。结果　多因素Logistic回归分析显示，吸烟（OR＝1.88，95% CI:1.28～2.96）、家族支气管哮喘史（OR＝6.20，95% CI:2.10～18.31）、家中铺有纯毛地毯数量多（OR＝1.87，95% CI:1.18～2.95），睡眠质量（OR＝1.46，95% CI:1.22～1.75），患慢性支气管炎（OR＝13.43，95% CI:6.65～25.34）及过敏性鼻炎（OR＝6.27，95% CI:3.63～10.81）是维吾尔族成人支气管哮喘的主要影响因素。结论　维吾尔族成人支气管哮喘是生活方式、环境及遗传等多种因素共同作用的结果，应加强对相关影响因素的预防及治疗，减少哮喘的发生，改善哮喘患者生活质量。

Influencing factors of asthma among Uyghur adults in Xinjiang: a case-control study

Abstract: Objective To explore the influencial factors of asthma among adult Uighur patients. Methods A case-control study design was used in this study with frequency matching on age and sex. Cases were adult Uyghur asthma patients diagnosed in Xinjiang Medical University First Affiliated Hospital department of Respiratory Medicine, between January and December in 2014 (n=120). Controls were healthy examiners in Examination Medical Center in the same hospital during the same period (n=126). Data on exposure were collected using standard questionnaire, and analyzed using univariate and multivariate logistic regression models. Results Multivariate logistic regression analysis shows: smoking (OR=1.88, 95%CI: 1.28-2.96), history of asthma in family members (OR=6.20, 95%CI: 2.10-18.31), number of carpets at home (OR=1.87, 95%CI: 1.18-2.95), quality of sleeping (OR=1.46, 95%CI: 1.22-1.75), chronic bronchitis (OR=13.43, 95%CI: 6.65-25.34), and allergic rhinitis (OR=6.27, 95%CI: 3.63-10.81) were influencial factors of asthma among Uyghur adults in Xinjiang. Conclusion Asthma in Uyghur adults results from life style, environment and gene.