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A new isolate of beak and feather disease virus from endemic wild red-fronted parakeets (Cyanoramphus novaezelandiae) in New Zealand |
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| Authors: | Luis Ortiz-Catedral Brigitta Kurenbach Melanie Massaro Kate McInnes Dianne H. Brunton Mark E. Hauber Darren P. Martin Arvind Varsani |
| Affiliation: | 1. Ecology and Conservation Lab, Institute of Natural Sciences, Massey University, Auckland Campus, Private Bag 102904, North Shore Mail Centre, Auckland, New Zealand 2. School of Biological Sciences, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, 8140, New Zealand 3. Gen?k-Centre for Biosafety, The Science Park, PO Box 6418, 9294, Troms?, Norway 4. Department of Conservation, 18-32 Manners Street, PO Box 6011, Wellington, New Zealand 5. Department of Psychology, Hunter College of City University of New York (CUNY), New York, NY, 10065, USA 6. School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, PB 92019, Auckland, New Zealand 7. Institute of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Observatory, Cape Town, 7925, South Africa 8. Electron Microscope Unit, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, Cape Town, 7701, South Africa |
| Abstract: | Psittacine beak and feather disease (PBFD) is a viral disease distributed worldwide with a potentially critical impact on many rare parrots. While efforts have been made to determine its prevalence in wild and captive psittacines, only limited work has been done to document complete genomes of its causative agent, beak and feather disease virus (BFDV). Here, we describe five full genomes of BFDV isolated from wild specimens of an endemic New Zealand parrot, the red-fronted parakeet (Cyanoramphus novaezelandiae). The isolates share >99% nucleotide similarity amongst themselves and ~91–92% similarity to BFDV isolates from southern Africa, Europe and Australia. A maximum-likelihood (ML) phylogenetic tree including 42 other full-genome sequences indicated that the five isolates from red-fronted parakeets represent an undescribed genotype of BFDV. These isolates are evolutionarily most closely related to the Cacatuini isolates from Thailand and the Lorinae isolates from Australia in the rep gene ML tree; however, in the cp ML tree, the evolutionary relationship is closer to viruses found in the Psittacini. |
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