2010年上海市15岁以上居民高血压流行现状

目的]了解上海市15岁以上居民高血压流行现状。方法]于2010年8—9月采用多阶段分层概率随机抽样的方法，对15808名常住居民进行问卷调查和血压测量，最终获得有效问卷15732份。结果]通过人口加权，被调查人群的平均收缩压和平均舒张压分别为129．05mmHg（95％CI：128．47-129．63mmHg）、79．71mmHg（95％C，：79．44～79．99mmHg）；高血压患病率为31．15％（95％CI：29．79％-32．54％）、疾病知晓率为74．19％（95％CI：71．93％。76-33％）、治疗率为59．95％（95％C1：57．58％-62．28％）、控制率为30．59％（95％C1：28．32％～32．96％）。知晓率、治疗率和控制率为中心城区高于非中心城区、女性高于男性，差别均有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。结论]上海市15岁以上居民平均血压偏高，患病情况严重。知晓率水平较高，治疗率、控制率水平需进一步提升。

Prevalence of Hypertension in Residents Aged over 15 Years in Shanghai, 2010

Objective ] To assess the prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension among residents older than 15 years in Shanghai. Methods ] A cross-sectional survey was conducted in 2010 in Shanghai by using structured questionnaires and blood pressure measurement. A total of 15 808 residents （ I〉 15 years） were selected by a hybrid sampling strategy combining multi-stage sampling, stratified sampling and simple random sampling. And 15 732 questionnaires were validated for study. Results ] The average systolic blood pressure was 129.05 mmHg （95%CI： 128.47-129.63mmHg）, and the average diastolic blood pressure was 79.71 mmHg （95%CI： 79.44-79.99mmHg）. The prevalence of hypertension was 31.15% （95%CI： 29.79%-32.54%）, the awareness rate was 74.19% （95%CI： 71.93%-76.33%）, the rate of receiving treatment was 59.95% （95%CI： 57.58%-62.28%） and the blood pressure control rate was 30.59% （95%CI： 28.32%-32.96%）. The rates of awareness, treatment and control of hypertension were significantly higher in urban area than in rural area; and those rates were also significantly higher in female than in male （P〈0.01）. Conclusion ] The average values of blood pressure are high in Shanghai, and the prevalence of hypertension is attracting medical attention. Although a high rate of awareness is presented, the rates of treatment and blood pressure control are still low and need to be improved.