2007-2012年北京市平谷区峪口镇水痘流行特征

目的了解北京市平谷区峪口镇水痘流行特征,以便掌握水痘的流行状况,为今后制定防治策略提供科学依据。方法收集2007-2012年《中国疾病监测信息管理系统》中报告的水痘临床诊断病例及其患病人群流行病学个案信息,用Epidatade对病例资料进行回顾性数据录入汇总,用Excel 2003进行数据整理和统计分析。结果 2007-2012年北京市平谷区峪口镇共发生水痘病例147例。出疹程度以轻、中度为主,分别占发病人数的57.14%、42.86%。发病时间集中在4-5月份和11-12月份;男女性别比为0.93∶1;以托幼儿童、中小学生为主,占发病总人数的78.23%。突破病例占发病总人数的34.69%,呈现出逐年上升趋势。结论北京市平谷区峪口镇水痘病例分布有明显的季节性,以托幼儿童、中小学生为主,轻型病例、不典型症状可能是集体学校、托幼机构的晨检工作的隐患。新的水痘接种程序的广泛开展,其抗体在人群中的保护率水平,能否降低水痘突破病例发病率,能否更好地控制水痘暴发疫情,减少水痘公共卫生事件的发生是今后有待深入探讨和研究的问题。

Varicella epidemiological characteristics of Yukou county Pinggu district of Beijing during 2007-2012

Objective To understand the epidemic characteristics of varicella in Pinggu district of Beijing city,in order to grasp the epidemic situation,and provide scientific basis for formulating control strategy of varicella. Methods The clinical diagnosis of varicella cases and prevalence epidemiological case were collected from2007-2012 Chinese disease surveillance information management system in the report,using Epidata to do retrospective entry summary on cases resource,data processing and statistical analysis on data by using Excel2003. Results A total of 147 cases of varicella were found in the town of Pinggu district of Beijing city during2007-2012. Varicella cases of rash were mainly mild,moderate,took total incidence of 57. 14%,42.86%respectively. The onset time of concentration is April-May and November-December; the male to female ratio was 0.93∶ 1; children in kindergarten,primary and secondary school students were main incidence group,accounted for 78.23% of the total number of disease incidence cases. Breakthroughs cases took 34. 69% of the total cases,show ascendant trend year by year. Conclusions Varicella cases distribution has obvious seasonal trend in Pinggu district of Beijing city,kindergarten children and students were the main incidence group,light case,atypical symptoms might be the hidden danger of collective schools and kindergartens. New varicella vaccination program,whether its resistance in populations of protection rate,can reduce the incidence of varicella break cases,can better control of varicella outbreak,reduce the incidence of varicella public health event is for further discussion and research to the problem.