新疆克拉玛依市流感样病例检测分析

目的分析2011─2013年新疆克拉玛依市流感样病例检测结果,探讨本地区流感流行的特征及趋势,为流感防控工作提供科学依据。方法采用Real-timeRT-PCR方法对2011—2013年克拉玛依市流感哨点医院定期采集的流感样病例咽拭子标本进行核酸检测。结果 3年共采集流感样病例标本1 161份,流感病毒核酸检出率21.5%,2011—2013年流感病毒核酸检出率分别为15.7%、33.5%、17.4%;流感病毒型别主要为甲型H1N1、季节性H3N2和B型;哨点医院监测还发现全市流感发病有明显的季节性,当年11—12月到次年1—2月为高发季节,其中12月和1月最高;流感病毒优势株2011年底至2012年初以B型为主,2012年底至2013年初以季节性H3N2型为主,2013年底以新甲型H1N1为主。结论加强哨点医院流感样病例监测,有助于掌握本地区流感病毒的流行趋势和当地流感疫情的防控。

Analysis and detection of influenza-like cases in Karamay

Objective To analyze detection results of influenza-like cases in Karamay, Xinjiang during 2011—2013, to discuss epidemic characteristics and trend of influenza in local area, and provide scientific basis for prevention and control of influenza. Methods Throat swab specimens of influenza were collected regularly in the sentinel hospital from 2011—2013and detected for nucleic acid by using real-time RT-PCR. Results Totally 1 161 samples were collected during 2011—2013, with detection rate of influenza virus nucleic acid of 21.5%, that was 15.7%, 33.5% and 17.4% for 2011, 2012 and2013, respectively. The influenza virus types mainly were influenza H1N1, seasonal H3N2 and B. The incidence of influenza was obviously seasonal in sentinel hospital monitoring, that is, peak season for the influenza from November-December to January-February of the next year, especially in December and January; the predominant strain of influenza of B type in the end of 2011 to early 2012, the predominant strain of seasonal H3N2 in the end of 2012 to early 2013, and the predominant strain of H1N1 type in the end of 2013. Conclusions It is helpful to grasp the trend of local epidemic of influenza and prevent and control the influenza epidemic by carrying out surveillance of influenza-like cases in sentinel hospital.