实时三维心脏超声引导下右胸切口与传统开胸体外循环下房间隔缺损手术效果的比较

目的 比较实时三维心脏超声（RT-3DE）引导非体外循环（CPB）下经右胸小切口房间隔缺损（ASD）封堵与传统CPB下心内直视修补的手术效果。 方法 2009年4月至2012年4月在红河州第一人民医院接受手术的继发孔型ASD患者64例，按手术方式分为Ａ组和B组。A组35例接受传统CPB心内直视修补，男20例、女15例，年龄12～56 （16.4±4.0） 岁；B组29例接受RT-3DE 引导非体外循环（CPB）下经右胸小切口ASD封堵，男13例、女16例，年龄15～50 （18.5±0.2） 岁。比较2组手术时间、术后呼吸机辅助时间、术后住院时间、胸腔引流量、死亡、并发症等指标及随访结果。 结果 B组手术时间［（110.47±35.90） min vs. （159.32±20.60） min］、术后呼吸机辅助时间［（10.40±22.30） h vs. （16.40±12.20） h］、胸腔引流量［（106.71±85.20） ml vs. （146.70±75.63） ml］及术后住院时间［（4.0±1.0） d vs. （7.0±1.0） d］ 均较A组显著减少（P＜0.05）。A组死亡1例，发生术后并发症7例；B组无1例死亡，发生术后并发症3例。A组术后并发症总发生率高于B组（20.0% vs. 10.3%，P＜0.05）。 结论 对手术适应证明确的患者，RT-3DE引导非CPB下右胸小切口ASD封堵的微创外科手术优势明显。

Real-time Three Dimensional Echocardiography Guided Closure of Atrial Septal Defect through a RightMinithoracotomy in Comparison with Traditional Surgical Repair under Cardiopulmonary Bypass

Objective To compare surgical results between real-time three dimensional echocardiography（RT-3DE） guided closure of atrial septal defect （ASD） through a right minithoracotomy and traditional surgical repair under cardiopulmonary bypass （CPB）. Methods Sixty-four patients with secundum ASD received surgical repair in the First People’s Hospital of Honghe Autonomous Prefecture from April 2009 to April 2012. According to different surgical approach, all the patients were divided into group A and B. In group A, 35 patients underwent traditional ASD repair under CPB including 20males and 15 females with their age of 12-56 （16.4±4.0） years. In group B, 29 patients received real-time RT-3DE guidedASD closure through a right minithoracotomy without CPB, including 20 males and 15 females with their age of 15-50 （18.5±0.2） years. Operation time，postoperative mechanical ventilation time，hospital stay，chest drainage，mortality，morbidity and follow-up outcomes were compared between the 2 groups. Results Operation time （110.47±35.90 minutesvs. 159.32±20.60 minutes），postoperative mechanical ventilation time （10.40±22.30 hours vs. 16.40±12.20 hours），chestdrainage （106.71±85.20 ml vs. 146.70±75.63 ml）and postoperative hospital stay （4.0±1.0 days vs. 7.0±1.0 days）ofgroup B were significantly shorter or less than those of group A. In group A, 1 patient died postoperatively and 7 patientshad postoperative complications. In group B, there was no in-hospital mortality and 3 patients had postoperative complications.Postoperative morbidity of group A was significantly higher than that of group B （20.0% vs. 10.3%，P＜0.05） . ConclusionFor ASD patients with definite surgical indications，RT-3DE guided ASD closure through a right minithoracotomy has more advantages over traditional surgical repair under CBP.