非典型肺炎血清SARS冠状病毒抗体的检测及其意义

【目的】探讨非典型肺炎患者血清SARS冠状病毒抗体IgM、IgG检测意义。【方法】应用ELISA法对16例SARS患者、147例发热隔离患者、23例体格检查健康者进行血清SARS抗体IgM、IgG检测。【结果】12例SARS患者入院时8例检出SARS抗体IgM阳性，出院时9例检出SARS抗体IgG阳性；其中7例SARS患者康复出院半年后复查均检测出高滴度SARS抗体IgG，同时有2例仍检出SARS抗体IgM。2例重症患者血清动态结果观察到，从入院到出院的标本均同时检测到高滴度的SARS IgM、IgG；2例轻症SARS患者各只检测到一次SARS抗体IgM弱阳性；发热隔离区患者有6例从入院至出院均检测到SARS抗体IgG，其中两例滴度较高。健康体检者无一例SARS抗体阳性。【结论】ELISA检测SARS冠状病毒抗体IgM、IgG可作为一种辅助鉴定非典型肺炎患者的临床检测和确诊手段。

Serum Level Detection of SARS Coronavirus Antibodies IgM and IgG in Patients with Atypical Pneumonias and its Clinical Significance

To explore the clinical significance in serum level detection of antibodies IgM and IgG against coronavirus of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) in patients with atypical pneumonia.By enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA), serum levels of antibodies IgM and IgG against SARS were detected in 16 SARS patients, 147 isolated patients with fever and 23 healthy subjects. Positive SARS antibody IgM was detected in 8 out of 12 hospitalized SARS patients, while positive SARS antibody IgG was detected in 9 out of 12 patients during discharge from the hospital. After leaving hospital for 6 months, high titers of SARS antibody IgG still could be detected in 7 recovered patients ; at the same time, SARS antibody IgM was detectable in 2 patients. Serum dynamic observation on 2 serious SARS patient indicated that high titers of SARS IgM and IgG were persistently found from admission till discharge . Weakly positive SARS antibody IgM was detected once in 2 mild SARS patients ; SARS antibody IgG was demonstrated in 6 patients of isolated fever ward from admission till discharge, two among them showed higher titers. Positive SARS antibody was absent in all healthy subjects.Conclusion]Detection of antibodies IgM and IgG against coronavirus of SARS by ELISA can be used as one auxiliary measure for clinical examination and diagnosis of SARS patients.