北京市西城区34例先天马蹄内翻足流行学分析

目的了解近年来北京市西城区医院监测先天马蹄内翻足陷发生情况。方法对2005年10月1日～2010年9月30日间北京市西城区产科医院孕13周～产后7天的胎儿及新生儿进行出生缺陷监测,并对监测结果进行率及顺位等分析。结果①监测到马蹄内翻足患儿34例,发生率为8.76/万,发生例数逐年增多,女孩高于男孩,外地高于本市。②容易发生部位按例数多少依次为双足、左足及右足;容易合并其他畸形按合并畸形例数多少依次为左足、双足、右足。③单纯马蹄内翻足占67.65%,同时合并其他畸形占32.35%;合并的畸形最多的为肢体短缩,其次为先心、唇腭裂、肾畸形。④先天马蹄内翻足产前诊断率为44.12%,孕中期产前诊断率为44.12%,孕晚期产前诊断率为9.52%。合并其他畸形的先天马蹄内翻足产前诊断率为90.91%,单纯马蹄内翻足畸形的产前诊断率为21.74%。结论西城区先天马蹄内翻足外地多于本地,以单纯马蹄内翻足为主;同时合并其他畸形的先天马蹄内翻足容易在产前发现;若提高产前诊断率需提高孕晚期单纯马蹄内翻足的B超检测水平。

The congenital talipes equinovarus epidemiology analysis of 34 samples in Xicheng District

Objective: To understand the situation of congenital talipes equinovarus occurrence monitored in Beijing Xicheng District hospital.Methods: Monitor the born handicaps of subjects ranging from 13-week pregnancy foetus to 7-day born babies from 10/01/2005 to 09/30/2010 in Beijing Xicheng District Hospital,and analyze the proceeding rate and maneuver of the monitored results.Results: ①34 samples with congenital talipes equinovarus were observed during the monitoring process,which indicated that the rate of occurrence was 0.0876%.The number increases annually,and it is obvious that congenital talipes equinovarus occurrence in girls is higher than that in boys.It was also observed that the disease occurred more often in people from other areas than that happened in local residents.②The body parts that get contracted with the disease most easily are double feet,left feet and right feet in a descending order;Congenital talipes equinovarus combined with other teratogenesis happened most often in left feet,double feet and right feet in a descending order.③Pure congenital talipes equinovarus takes up 67.65%;combined congenital talipes equinovarus has a proportion of 32.35%.The most common cases of combined congenital talipes equinovarus are limb reduction,next to which are congenital heart defect,Cleft Lip and Palate,and Kidney abnormality.④The prenatal diagnosis rate of congenital talipes equinovarus was 44.12%;in second trimester,the prenatal diagnosis rate of the disease was 38.24%;however,the prenatal diagnosis rate in pregnant late term was only 9.52%;prenatal diagnosis rate of combined congenital talipes equinovarus was 90.91%;that of pure congenital talipes equinovarus was 21.74%.Conclusions: In Xicheng District,the occurrence of congenital talipes equinovarus in local residents was lower than that in people from outside,which was dominated by pure congenital talipes equinovarus.At the same time,the observation of combined congenital talipes equinovarus was comparatively easier in prenatal diagnosis.In addition,the prenatal diagnosis rate could be improved with the development in monitoring levels of B ultrasound.