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Delivery strategies of amphotericin B for invasive fungal infections
Institution:1. Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China;2. School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, University Town, Guangzhou 510006, China;3. Jiangsu Aosaikang Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Nanjing 211112, China;4. School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA;5. Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX 79902, USA;6. Department of Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21521, Egypt;7. Department of Geriatric Cardiology, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China;8. Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200443, China
Abstract:Invasive fungal infections (IFIs) represent a growing public concern for clinicians to manage in many medical settings, with substantial associated morbidities and mortalities. Among many current therapeutic options for the treatment of IFIs, amphotericin B (AmB) is the most frequently used drug. AmB is considered as a first-line drug in the clinic that has strong antifungal activity and less resistance. In this review, we summarized the most promising research efforts on nanocarriers for AmB delivery and highlighted their efficacy and safety for treating IFIs. We have also discussed the mechanism of actions of AmB, rationale for treating IFIs, and recent advances in formulating AmB for clinical use. Finally, this review discusses some practical considerations and provides recommendations for future studies in applying AmB for combating IFIs.
Keywords:Invasive fungal infections  Amphotericin B  Poor water-solubility  Drug delivery  Topical administration  Nanoparticles  Conjugates  Toxicity  ABCD"}  {"#name":"keyword"  "$":{"id":"kwrd0075"}  "$$":[{"#name":"text"  "_":"AmB colloidal dispersion  AIDS"}  {"#name":"keyword"  "$":{"id":"kwrd0085"}  "$$":[{"#name":"text"  "_":"acquired immunodeficiency syndrome  AmB"}  {"#name":"keyword"  "$":{"id":"kwrd0095"}  "$$":[{"#name":"text"  "_":"amphotericin B  AmB-GCPQ"}  {"#name":"keyword"  "$":{"id":"kwrd0115"}  "$$":[{"#name":"text"  "$$":[{"#name":"__text__"  "_":"AmB-encapsulated 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