应用中国膳食平衡指数评价山东省成年居民膳食质量

目的 通过运用中国膳食平衡指数（DBI＿16）对山东省18～80岁居民的膳食质量进行整体评价，以指导下一步针对性膳食干预的实施。方法 选取2015年中国成人慢性病与营养监测项目中山东省具有完整膳食与基本信息数据的3 275例18～80岁居民,使用DBI＿16评分方法评价其膳食质量。结果 山东省成年居民摄入量严重不足的为蔬菜、水果、奶类、豆类、鱼虾类、蛋类，摄入过量的为食用油和调味品食盐类。居民膳食质量整体上属于中度膳食失衡（DBI＿DQD=37.9分）水平，同时处于中度膳食摄入不足（DBI＿LBS=27.0分）和低度膳食摄入过量（DBI＿HBS=10.9分）水平；农村、男性、鲁西北、60岁以上以及受教育程度较低者膳食摄入过量及膳食不均衡程度较为严重；膳食模式集中于D、E、G、H四种，主要以H模式为主。结论 山东省18～80岁成年居民的膳食摄入情况有待改善，同时存在摄入不足和摄入过量的问题，因此要继续增强平衡膳食相关营养知识的宣传力度，改善居民的营养与健康状况。

Evaluation of dietary quality among adult residents in Shandong Province by the Chinese Dietary Balance Index

Objective To evaluate the dietary quality of residents aged 18 to 80 years in Shandong Province to guide the implementation of targeted dietary intervention in the future using the China Dietary Balance Index (DBI_16). Methods In total 3 275 residents aged 18 to 80 years old were selected from the 2015 adult chronic disease and nutrition surveillance project in China, and the diet quality was evaluated using DBI_16 scoring method. Results The seriously insufficient intake of food among adult residents in Shandong Province were vegetables, fruits, milk, legumes, fish and shrimp, eggs, and excessive intake of food were edible oil and seasoning salt. Overall, the dietary quality of residents were at the level of moderate dietary imbalance (DBI_DQD=37.9), moderate dietary deficiency (DBI_LBS= 27.0), and low dietary over-ingestion (DBI_HBS=10.9), while excessive dietary intake and dietary imbalance were more serious in rural areas, men, northwest Shandong, those over 60 years old, and those with lower education level. Dietary patterns were concentrated in D, E, G, and H, mainly in H pattern. Conclusion Dietary intake of adults aged 18 to 80 years in Shandong Province needs to be improved, and there are problems of insufficient intake as well as excessive intake. Therefore, we should continue to strengthen the popularization of nutrition knowledge related to balanced diet to improve the nutrition and health of residents.