Effect of visual attention on postural control in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder |
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| Affiliation: | 1. UMR1141, INSERM – Université Paris Diderot, Hôpital Robert Debré, 48 Boulevard Sérurier, 75019 Paris, France;3. Service de Psychopathologie de l’enfant et de l’adolescent, Hôpital Robert Debré, 48 Boulevard Sérurier 75019 Paris, France;4. Service d’Ophtalmologie, Hôpital Robert Debré, 48 Boulevard Sérurier, 75019 Paris, France;1. Rett Center Jämtland County Council, Östersund, Sweden;2. Department of Women and Child Health, Umea University, Sweden;3. Department of Communication and Psychology, Aalborg University, Denmark;4. GAMUT, Uni Health, Uni Research, Bergen, Norway;1. Universidad de Almería, Spain;2. Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Chile;3. Universidad de Zaragoza, Spain;4. Psychology Department, The University of Sheffield International Faculty, City College, Thessaloniki, Greece;1. Department of Psychology, University of Florida, 945 Center Drive, P.O. Box 112250, Gainesville, FL 32611, United States;2. Department of Psychiatry, University of Florida, 1149 Newell Drive, P.O. Box 100256, Gainesville, FL 32611, United States;1. Department of Psychology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität-München, Germany.;2. Department of Sport-and-Health-Science, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany.;3. Center for Visual Cognition, Department of Psychology, Københavns Universitet, København, Denmark.;4. Department of Psychiatry, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany.;5. Faculty of Psychology, Universität Wien, Vienna, Austria.;6. School of Psychological Sciences, Birkbeck College, University of London, London, United Kingdom.;7. Graduate School of Systemic Neurosciences, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität-München, Munich, Germany.;1. Department of Psychology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany;2. Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany;3. Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany;4. Institute of Neurosciences, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico |
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| Abstract: | We compared the effect of oculomotor tasks on postural sway in two groups of ADHD children with and without methylphenidate (MPH) treatment against a group of control age-matched children. Fourteen MPH-untreated ADHD children, fourteen MPH-treated ADHD children and a group of control children participated to the study. Eye movements were recorded using a video-oculography system and postural sway measured with a force platform simultaneously. Children performed fixation, pursuits, pro- and anti-saccades. We analyzed the number of saccades during fixation, the number of catch-up saccades during pursuits, the latency of pro- and anti-saccades; the occurrence of errors in the anti-saccade task and the surface and mean velocity of the center of pressure (CoP). During the postural task, the quality of fixation was significantly worse in both groups of ADHD children with respect to control children; in contrast, the number of catch-up saccades during pursuits, the latency of pro-/anti-saccades and the rate of errors in the anti-saccade task did not differ in the three groups of children. The surface of the CoP in MPH-treated children was similar to that of control children, while MPH-untreated children showed larger postural sway. When performing any saccades, the surface of the CoP improved with respect to fixation or pursuits tasks. This study provides evidence of poor postural control in ADHD children, probably due to cerebellar deficiencies. Our study is also the first to show an improvement on postural sway in ADHD children performing saccadic eye movements. |
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| Keywords: | Children Dual-task Posture Eye movements ADHD Methylphenidate |
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