PAAS/PVA水凝胶高吸水性树脂的制备及其性能研究

目的研究PAAS/PVA水凝胶高吸水树脂在辐射条件下的制备方法和影响因素,同时测试其理化性能,并与国内外高吸水树脂做对比研究。方法选用聚丙烯酸钠（PAAS）和聚乙烯醇（PVA）,加热制成均一水溶液,经电子加速器辐射合成共聚水凝胶,通过烘干、粉碎和筛分制成高吸水性树脂颗粒。研究聚合物配比、辐照剂量对其性能的影响,并参考ISO17910标准,对其多项指标进行测试。结果在一定范围内,吸液能力随PVA含量和照射剂量增加而提高;当原料配比为25∶2、辐照剂量为45 kGy时获得了性能良好的高吸水性树脂颗粒。其外观为白色致密颗粒,颗粒大小85%左右分布在30～120目;pH为6.03±0.33;水分含量为（3.61±0.28）%;吸蒸馏水量为（502.4±14.6）g/g;生理盐水吸液量为（48.8±2.3）g/g;吸液速率为（32.0±2.4）s;离心保液量为（13.6±0.3）g/g。结论应用电子束辐照制备的PAAS/PVA水凝胶高吸水性树脂颗粒性能优于国内外高吸水树脂颗粒,适于规模化生产,具有进一步开发的价值。

Study on preparation and properties of PAAS/PVA hydrogel super absorbent polymer

Objective Preparation and influencing factors of PAAS/PVA super-absorbent polymer（SAP） were investigated under the electron accelerator irradiation.Comparative studies on the physical and chemical properties were performed with other SAPs made at home and abroad.Methods Polyacrylate sodium（PAAS） and polyvinyl alcohol（PVA） were selected for this study.After being heated into homogeneous aqueous solution,the copolymer hydrogel was synthesized by the electron accelerator radiation.Then it was dried,crushed and screened to give SAP.Effects of the ratio of polymers and irradiation dose on its properties were investigated,and many indexes were tested in accordance with the ISO17910 international standard.Results The results showed that the super absorbent polymer particles with superior properties could be obtained under the condition of PAAS/PVA（25/2） and the irradiation dose of 45 kGy.The SAP was white dense granules with the size of about 85% particles distributed between 30 mesh to 120 mesh;pH value： 6.03±0.33;water content：（3.61±0.28）%;the absorbing capacity of triple-distilled water was（502.4±14.6）g/g;the absorbing capacity of normal saline：（48.8±2.3）g/g,the liquid absorption speed：（32±2.4）s;the water preserving capability after centrifugation：（41.8±1.6）g/g.Conclusion The results indicated that PAAS/PVA hydrogel super absorbent resin particle is superior to super absorbent polymer particles at home and abroad.It is suitable for large-scale production and is valuable for further development.