MCC与BuCy预处理方案在慢性髓性白血病异基因干细胞移植后长期疗效的比较

目的观察MCC和BuCy预处理方案治疗慢性髓性白血病(CML)移植后的长期疗效和毒副反应。方法采用MCC方案(马法兰170mg/m2·d×1,环已亚硝脲400mg/m2·d×1,环磷酰胺60mg/kg·d×2)预处理治疗CML14例,中位随访时间6年;采用BuCy方案(马利兰4mg/kg·d×4,环磷酰胺60mg/kg·d×2)预处理治疗CML16例,中位随访时间4年。结果30例病人全部植活,MCC组+100d移植嵌合状态高于BuCy组,但移植后2年全部均转为完全供者植入,bcr-abl融合基因检测阴性。MCC组移植相关死亡3例(21%),复发死亡1例(7%),5年无病存活率71.4%;BuCy组移植相关死亡4例(25%),复发死亡2例(12%),5年无病存活率62.5%。两组生存率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。MCC组移植相关毒性和肝静脉闭塞病的发生较BuCy组低,中位住院时间MCC组39d,BuCy组55d,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论低强度MCC预处理方案的长期疗效与传统BuCy方案相似,但移植相关毒性较低。在卫生经济学方面MCC预处理方案具有优势。

Comparison of the Long Term Results Between Two Conditioning Regimens MCC and BuCy in Chronic Myelocytic Leukemia after Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation

OBJECTIVE: To observe and evaluate the long term survival of patients with chronic myelocytic leukemia transplanted with MCC and BuCy conditioning regimens. METHODS: Fourteen cases were treated with MCC regimen (Melphanlan 170 mg/m2 x d x 1, MeCCNU 400 mg/m2 x d x 1, CTX 60 mg/kg x d x 2) and the median follow up time was 6 years; 16 cases were treated with BuCy regimen (Busulfan 4 mg/kg x d x 4, CTX 60 mg/kg x d x 2) and the median follow up time was 4 year. RESULTS: All the patients were engrafted successfully. 4 of 10 patients examined in MCC group showed mixed chimerism at day 100 after transplantation, whereas only 1 of 12 patients examined in BuCy group showed mixed chimerism. All the patients became complete donor source later without any DLI. The 5-year disease-free survival rate was 71.4% for MCC group and 62.5% for BuCy group. The transplant related mortality and relapse rate were 21% and 7% for MCC group, whereas those were 25% and 12% for BuCy group, respectively. The regimen related toxicity was relatively lower in MCC group and the median duration of hospitalization was 39 days (25-55 days) for patients with MCC regimen, and 55 days (39-90 days) for BuCy regimen. CONCLUSION: MCC regimen has a partial ablative effect on CML and the long term disease-free survival is the same as that of BuCy regimen. In regard to the cost-effect efficacy, MCC regimen has a substantial advantage over BuCy regimen.