正畸拔除下颌切牙矫治病例的回顾性分析

目的探讨各类拔除下颌切牙进行矫治的适应证选择和矫治特点。方法采用回顾性研究的方法,对17例由于各种原因需拔除单个下颌切牙或还需配合拔除其它牙齿进行矫治的病例进行分析。其中伴有下切牙拥挤的成人轻、中度III类错病例拔除单个下颌切牙矫治;前牙深覆盖的成人安氏Ⅱ类Ⅰ分类病例拔除上颌两个第一双尖牙及一个下中切牙矫治;由于上颌两个侧切牙过小引起Bolton指数不调病例拔除一个下颌切牙矫治;均采用直丝弓矫治技术,通过头影测量分析,比较治疗前后的改变情况。结果病例矫治时间为19～26个月,17例病例治疗结束后拔牙间隙均全部关闭,前牙覆覆盖关系正常,后牙咬关系良好。软组织侧貌得以改善。结论拔除下颌切牙矫治在诊断设计时应权衡利弊,严格控制适应证,在治疗过程中注重相应矫治技术与方法的应用,以获得良好、稳定的矫治效果。

Clinical experience of orthodontic treatment by lower incisor extraction

Objective To investigate the extraction of lower incisor in orthodontic treatment. Methods A retro- spective study of 17 orthodontic patients who had lower incisor extractions was carried out. Records representing pretreat- ment and post-treatment included cephalograms, panoramic films, intraoral and extra-oral photographs , and plaster models . Electronic vernier caliper was used to measure the tooth size on the dental cast for each patients. Results Total treatment time was 19-26 months. All extraction space was closed after the treatment. All patients achieved satisfactory treatment re- sults, good occlusal relationship and soft tissue profile. Conclusions To be well prudent with the indications of the extrac- tion of the lower incisor in orthodontic treatment of malocclusions, flexibly choose the treatment objective, can be helped to achieve satisfactory effect.