人胎中后期食管壁内氮能神经元的分布与发育

目的　探讨人胎食管壁内氮能神经元的分布及其变化。方法　应用NADPH d组织化学法对 18例人胎食管氮能神经元的分布及其变化进行观察。结果　人胎第 7个月龄时 ,食管肌间神经节处和粘膜下层均可见到氮能神经元胞体的分布 ,由其发出的神经纤维分别投射到内环肌层、外纵肌层和粘膜下层 ,基本形成食管壁内神经网络系统。第 8个月龄时 ,氮能神经元染色强度加深 ,向肌层投射的神经纤维密度增加。第 9～ 10个月龄时 ,肌间神经节细胞数增多 ,胞体增大 ,肌层神经纤维分布密度进一步增加 ,在内环肌层和外纵肌层偶尔可见到小的神经节细胞分布。结论　人胎食管氮能神经元由生长发育期逐渐发育成熟

Development and Distribution of Nitrergic Neurons in Middle and Latter Stages of Esophagus Wall of Human Fetus

Objective To explore the distribution and changes of nitrergic neurons in the esophagus wall of human fetus. Methods The distribution and changes of the nitrergic neurons in the esophagus of 18 cases human fetus were observed by using histochemical method of NADPH diaphorase. Results At the seventh month of the gestation, the distribution of the bodies of nitrergic neuron were seen in the intermuscular ganglia and the submucosa of the esophagus, and the processes of these cells projected onto inner circular muscle layer, outer longitudinal muscle layer and the submucosa, with the formation of the nitrergic nerve net system in the esophagus wall. At the eighth month, the staining intensity of nitrergic neurons and the density of nitrergic nerve fibers in the muscle layer was increased. At the ninth to tenth month, the number of intermuscular ganlionic cells was increased, with the bodies of nerve cell enlarging, and nitrergic nerve fiber distributing densely in the muscle layer. Occasionally, the distribution of the small ganglionic cells were seen in the inner circular muscle layer and outer longitudinal muscle layer. Conclusion Nitrergic neurons were gradually matured through the development phase.