四种消毒剂的急性毒性试验和微核试验

背景与目的:为确保强氯净消毒剂、聚维酮碘溶液、高浓度臭氧水消毒机(以下简称高浓度臭氧水),和中性强化戊二醛等4种消毒剂在使用时的安全,对其分别进行了急性毒性和致突变毒性评价.材料与方法:小鼠急性经口毒性试验和小鼠骨髓嗜多染红细胞微核试验.结果:强氯净消毒剂灌胃后2 150 mg/kg以上剂量组小鼠出现被毛无光泽、活动减少等中毒症状,其半数致死量(LD50)雌性为3690 mg/kg,95%可信区间为2270～5990 mg/kg;雄性为2710 mg/kg,95%可信区间为1670～4410mg/kg.表明强氯净消毒剂属低毒物质;聚维酮碘溶液和高浓度臭氧水染毒后小鼠活动、饮食正常,未见死亡.雌雄小鼠LD50均大于10000 mg/kg;中性强化戊二醛染毒后4640 mg/kg以上组出现活动减少,被毛无光泽,体重减轻等中毒症状,部分动物死亡,但LD50大于5000 mg/kg,属实际无毒级物质.小鼠骨髓嗜多染红细胞微核试验结果表明,4种消毒剂各剂量组不同性别动物骨髓嗜多染红细胞微核率与阴性对照组比较差异均无显著性,试验结果为阴性,即对体细胞无诱变作用.结论:强氯净消毒剂LD50小于5000 mg/kg,属低毒级物质,提示该消毒剂在生产、运输、使用过程中要注意安全.聚维酮碘溶液、高浓度臭氧水和中性强化戊二醛LD50均大于5000 mg/kg,属实际无毒级物质.4种消毒剂小鼠骨髓嗜多染红细胞微核试验结果表明无致突变作用.

Acute Toxicity and Mutagenicity Tests of Four Species Disinfectants

BACKGROUND&AIM: To test the acute toxicity and the mutagenicity of Qianglilu disinfectants,Juweitongdian solution,High consistence Ozonic water generator and neuter consolidated Glutaraldehyde. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The oral actute toxicity tests and micronucleus test of polychromatic erythrocytes in bone marrow of rats. RESULTS: LD 50 of Qianglilu disinfectants were3690mg/kg in female rats and2710mg/kg in male rats.LD 50 of Juweitongdian solution and High consistence Ozonic water in rats were more than10000mg/kg.LD 50 of neuter consolidated Glutaraldehyde in rats were more than5000mg/kg.The micronucleus rats in all doses and in different sex were not significantly different from the control group(P>0.05),respectively .CONCLUSION: Qianglilu disinfectants is low toxic materials.Juweitongdian solution,High consistence Ozonic water and neuter consolidated Glutaraldehyde are not toxic materials in fact.The mutagenicity of four species disinfectants were not observed in the study.