肥胖与体重正常7～15岁儿童身体成分变化比较

目的比较7~15岁体重正常和肥胖儿童身体成分及其随年龄变化趋势,以便为肥胖儿童体重控制效果的评价提供基础数据。方法选择7~15岁体重正常和肥胖儿童356名,不同性别各年龄组儿童约10名,采用DEXA法测定身体成分。结果肥胖儿童身体成分中的脂肪组织和去脂肪组织实测值均高于体重正常儿童(P值均<0.05)。肥胖儿童脂肪组织和去脂肪组织在四肢和躯干分布的差异较体重正常儿童小。肥胖儿童腹部脂肪百分比和臀部脂肪百分比的比值高于体重正常儿童,肥胖男生该比值除8岁组外均超过1,而肥胖女生仅有9岁和13岁组该比值超过1。结论肥胖儿童脂肪组织与去脂肪组织含量、比例和分布与体重正常儿童存在差异。在进行儿童体重控制中,需要考虑儿童身体成分特点和年龄趋势。

Comparative Study on Body Composition Between Obesity and Normal-weight Children Aged 7-15 Years

Objective To compare body composition,characters of its changes with age of normal-weight children aged 7-15 years,and to provide evidence for the impact evaluation on children's weight control.Methods A total of 356 children were chosen,and for each sexual and age group from 7-15 years old,about 10 normal-weight children were selected to receive body composition measurement by dual-energy X-ray absorption(DEXA).Results Both fat mass and fat free mass of obese children were significantly higher than those of normal-weight children(P<0.05).When compared with normal-weight children,differences of fat and muscle distributions between limbs and trunk were smaller in obese children.The ratio of android and gynoid fat percents(A/G ratio) were significantly higher than that of normal-weight children.A/G ratio of obese boys was increased with age and exceeded 1 except 8 years group while the girls' was stable comparatively anf less than 1 except 9 and 13 years group.Conclusion Differences exist in the respects of quality,ratio and distribution of fat mass and fat free mass between obese and normal-weight children and sexual differentiation was significant. Characters and changes of body composition should be considered during the weight control of obese children.