保山市2002～2011年流行性乙型脑炎发病流行病学特征及其原因分析

【摘要】目的对2002～2011年保山市乙脑疫苗接种后流行性乙型脑炎（乙脑）发病及死亡率进行调查分析。方法对保山市疾控中心2002～2011年的乙脑疫情资料和乙脑疫苗接种情况进行调查，分析保山市乙脑发病的流行病学特征。结果从乙脑死亡率看，从2002年1月～2011年10月呈逐年下降趋势；从地域分布来看，隆阳区的发病例数占了总发病的84．6％：近5年来流行性乙型脑炎死亡率显著降低，同时发病率也明显减低。结论乙脑疫苗的接种以及诊疗水平的提高从根本上改善了保山市乙脑的发病率，经过系统调查分析，保山市乙脑的下步工作还是应着重于预防．提高各地的诊断水平。

Epidemiological characteristics and cause analysis of the incidence of epidemic encephalitis B from 2002 to 2011 in Baoshan City

Objective To investigate and analyze the incidence and mortality of epidemic encephalitis B after vaccina- tion in Baoshan City in 2002-2011. Methods Epidemic data and vaccination data from Baoshan City CDC of epidemic encephalitis B were analyzed for the epidemiological characteristics of epidemic encephalitis B in Baoshan City. Results Epidemic encephalitis B mortality showed a declining trend from January 2002 to October 201 l; in terms of geographical distribution, the number of cases of Longyang District accounted for 84.6% of the total incidence; both mortality and incidence of epidemic encephalitis B had decreased significantly during the past 5 years. Conclusion Improvement in vaccination as well as diagnosis and treatment of epidemic encephalitis B has radically decreased the incidence of the disease in Baoshan City. And systematic investigation also points that the next step to tackle epidemic encephalitis B in Baoshan City should be focused on the improvement of prevention and diagnosis.