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Influence of Lifestyle Factors on Quantitative Heel Ultrasound Measurements in Middle-Aged and Elderly Men
Authors:Stephen R. Pye  Vinodh Devakumar  Steven Boonen  Herman Borghs  Dirk Vanderschueren  Judith E. Adams  Kate A. Ward  Gyorgy Bartfai  Felipe F. Casanueva  Joseph D. Finn  Gianni Forti  Aleksander Giwercman  Thang S. Han  Ilpo T. Huhtaniemi  Krzysztof Kula  Michael E. J. Lean  Neil Pendleton  Margus Punab  Alan J. Silman  Frederick C. W. Wu  Terence W. O’Neill
Affiliation:1. ARC Epidemiology Unit, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK
2. Leuven University Division of Geriatric Medicine, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
3. Leuven University Center for Metabolic Bone Diseases, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
4. Department of Andrology and Endocrinology, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
5. Clinical Radiology, Imaging Science and Biomedical Engineering, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
6. MRC Human Nutrition Research, Cambridge, UK
7. Department of Obstetrics, Gynaecology and Andrology, Albert Szent-Gyorgy Medical University, Szeged, Hungary
8. Department of Medicine, Santiago de Compostela University, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago (CHUS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
9. CIBER de Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutricion (CB06/03), Instituto Salud Carlos III, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
10. Andrology Unit, Department of Clinical Physiopathology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
11. Reproductive Medicine Centre, Malm? University Hospital, University of Lund, Lund, Sweden
12. Department of Endocrinology, Royal Free & University College Hospital Medical School, Royal Free Hospital, Hampstead, London, UK
13. Department of Reproductive Biology, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Campus, London, UK
14. Department of Andrology and Reproductive Endocrinology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
15. Department of Human Nutrition, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland
16. Clinical Gerontology, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Hope Hospital, The University of Manchester, Salford, UK
17. Andrology Unit, United Laboratories of Tartu University Clinics, Tartu, Estonia
18. Department of Endocrinology, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester Royal Infirmary, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
Abstract:
We examined the distribution of quantitative heel ultrasound (QUS) parameters in population samples of European men and looked at the influence of lifestyle factors on the occurrence of these parameters. Men aged between 40 and 79 years were recruited from eight European centers and invited to attend for an interviewer-assisted questionnaire, assessment of physical performance, and quantitative ultrasound (QUS) of the calcaneus (Hologic; Sahara). The relationships between QUS parameters and lifestyle variables were assessed using linear regression with adjustments for age, center, and weight. Three thousand two hundred fifty-eight men, mean age 60.0 years, were included in the analysis. A higher PASE score (upper vs. lower tertile) was associated with a higher BUA (β coefficient = 2.44 dB/Mhz), SOS (β = 6.83 m/s), and QUI (β = 3.87). Compared to those who were inactive, those who walked or cycled more than an hour per day had a higher BUA (β = 3.71 dB/Mhz), SOS (β = 6.97 m/s), and QUI (β = 4.50). A longer time to walk 50 ft was linked with a lower BUA (β = ?0.62 dB/Mhz), SOS (β = ?1.06 m/s), and QUI (β = ?0.69). Smoking was associated with a reduction in BUA, SOS, and QUI. There was a U-shaped association with frequency of alcohol consumption. Modification of lifestyle, including increasing physical activity and stopping smoking, may help optimize bone strength and reduce the risk of fracture in middle-aged and elderly European men.
Keywords:
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