兔视网膜挫伤后视网膜水肿和水通道蛋白4表达

目的观察兔实验性视网膜挫伤后视网膜水肿与视网膜神经上皮水通道蛋白4（Aquaporin-4,AQP-4）表达动态变化特点,以期通过探讨视网膜水肿与视网膜神经上皮水通道蛋白4表达的相关性,进一步了解视网膜挫伤的发病机制。方法健康成年大白兔84只,以重击法制备兔眼视网膜挫伤模型,致伤能量约为2.87J（E=mgh）,分别于挫伤后1h、3h、1d、3d、7d及14d处死受试兔,摘除眼球并取材,称重法测定视网膜含水量、免疫组化法检测AQP-4在视网膜神经上皮的表达情况。结果①与对照组相比较,各组视网膜含水量在视网膜挫伤后均明显升高（均P〈0.05）,并呈现动态变化：伤后1h组即明显高于对照组（P〈0.01）,24h组达到最高值,3d组开始下降,7d组明显下降,14d组仍高于对照组（P〈0.05）;并且视网膜挫伤各组间视网膜含水量有明显差异（P〈0.05）。②受试各组家兔视网膜神经上皮均有AQP-4表达。与对照组相比较,AQP-4表达在视网膜挫伤后各组均明显升高（均P〈0.05）;伤后1h组即高于对照组（P〈0.05）,3h组明显升高,24h组AQP-4表达最强,3d组AQP-4表达明显下降,挫伤后7d组表达下降更为明显,14d组AQP-4表达仍高于对照组（P〈0.05）;各个挫伤组AQP-4表达也存在明显差异（P〈0.01）;伤后视网膜含水量和AQP-4表达的动态变化呈现明显相关性（r=0.924,P〈0.05）。结论兔实验性视网膜挫伤后视网膜神经上皮AQP-4表达迅速升高,并随着伤后视网膜含水量的变化而变化;推测AQP-4是视网膜水肿病理过程的一个重要机制。

Correlation between the retinal edema and the expression of AQP-4 in retinal neurosensory layer in rabbit with experimental retinal contusion

Objective To observe the characteristics of dynamic change of retinal edema and retina neurosensory layer aquaporin-4 （Aquaporin-4,AQP-4） expression after experimental retinal contusion in rabbit,through exploration the correlation of retinal edema and the expression of AQP-4 in retinal neurosensory,which make us better understand the pathogenesis of retinal contusion.Methods 84 healthy adult rabbits,Using hit method,we set up animal models,injury energy was about the 2.87J （E=mgh）,rabbits were respectively killed 1h,3h,1d,3d,7d and 14d after injury,removed of eyeballs and drawn,water content in the retina was determinated by weighing,AQP-4 expression in retinal neuroepithelial was detected by immunohistochemistry.Results Compared with the control group,retinal water content was significantly increased in every group（P〈0.05）,retinal water content showed dynamic changes：retinal water content was significantly higher than that in control group at 1h after injury （P〈0.01）,retinal water content at 24h was the highest value;retinal water content began to decline at 3 d;retinal water content was significantly decreased at 7d;retinal water content was still higher at 14d （P〈0.05）;retinal contusion water content is significant difference among the groups （P〈0.05）.AQP-4 was observed in retina neurosensory layer in every group.Compared to normal control group,AQP-4 expression in the retina was increased significantly after contusion;the expression of AQP-4 injury group was higher than the control group at 1h （P〈0.01）,expression of AQP-4 was increased significantly at 3h,expression of AQP-4 was most obvious at 24h,the expression of AQP-4 decreased at 3d and fell significantly at 7d,the expression of AQP-4 was still higher 14d group than the control group （t=2.268,P〈0.05）;the expression of AQP-4 was also significant difference in experimental groups （P〈0.05）.Dynamic changes between water content and the expression of AQP-4 in retinal neurosensory was an obvious positive correlation （P〈0.05）.Conclusion Expression of AQP-4 increased rapidly in retinal neurosensory after retinal contusion in rabbits,and as follows the water content in the retina after injury changes;it was presumed that AQP-4 should be an important mechanism the pathological process of retinal edema.