鲍曼不动杆菌分布特征及耐药趋势的临床研究

目的了解鲍曼不动杆菌的临床分布及其对常用抗生素的耐药状况,为临床使用抗生素治疗提供依据。方法采用回顾性方法,统计分析273株鲍曼不动杆菌的标本来源、感染科室分布及耐药状况。结果273株鲍曼不动杆菌中,252株来自痰及支气管吸出物（占92.3%）,其次为伤口分泌物12株（占4.4%）。鲍曼不动杆菌的感染科室ICU病房检出率最高,占40.7%,其次为呼吸内科,占16.1%。273株鲍曼不动杆菌中,48株鲍曼不动杆菌呈多重耐药菌株,对头孢哌酮/舒巴坦耐药率最低（10.0%）,氨苄青霉素（97.0%）耐药率最高。慢性肺部疾病和脑血管疾患是鲍曼不动杆菌感染病例的主要基础疾病。结论鲍曼不动杆菌临床分离株多来自于痰及支气管吸出物标本,感染率最高为ICU病房,并对多种抗菌药物的耐药率较高,临床应加强对鲍曼不动杆菌耐药性的监控并防治耐药菌株的传播流行。

The clinical research of clinical distribution and drug resistance of Acinetobacter baumanii

Objective To investigate the clinical distribution and the drug resistance of Acinetobacter baumanii in order to offer reference for the clinical antibiotic therapeutics.Methods The strains of Acinetobacter baumanii were retrospective statistical analyzed about collection source,clinical distribution and the result of sensitivity to antibiotics.Results Among 273 isolates,252 （92.3%） came from sputum and bronchial aspiration material,12 （4.4%） from tresis vulnus excreta.The most strains from intensive care unit,accounting for 40.7%.16.1% from respiratory department.48 strains of Acinetobacter baumanii were multidrug resistant.The lowest rate of drug-resistance was cefoperazone-sulperazon （10.0%）.The highest rate of drug-resistance was ampicillin （97.0%）.The chronicity pulmonary disease and cerebral vessels disease which were infected Acinetobacter baumanii.Conclusion Clinical isolates of Acinetobacter baumannil came from the sputum,bronchial aspiration material and intensive care unit mainly and their resistant rates were rather high.More attention should be paid to the surveillance of antimicrobial resistance of Acinetobacter baumannii in clinics and prevent transmission and epidemic of their resistance strains in order to infection effectually and delaying the occurrence of bacteria resistance.