极低出生体质量儿支气管肺发育不良的临床高危因素分析

目的 探讨极低出生体质量儿发生支气管肺发育不良(bronchopulmonary dysplasia,BPD)的临床高危因素.方法 回顾性分析2006年9月至2009年9月我院NICU收治的49例极低出生体质量儿的临床资料,分为BPD组(n=15)和非BPD组(n=34),分析BPD发生的可能危险因素.结果与非BPD组相比,BPD组患儿在胎龄[(29.30±1.48)周vs(30.54±1.60)周]、院内获得性感染(9例vs 10例)、宫内感染(9例vs 8例)、持续气道正压通气时间[(12.47±5.83)d vs(4.24±4.19)d]、高浓度氧疗时间[(1.47±1.41)dvs(0.18±0.63)d]、动脉导管未闭(5例vs 1例)等方面比较,差异有统计学意义(P均＜0.05).Logistic回归分析结果显示持续气道正压通气时间以及宫内感染是极低出生体质量儿发生BPD的高危因素(P＜0.05).结论 预防宫内感染可降低BPD的发生率和严重程度,长时间的持续气道正压通气可能预示早期BPD的发生.

Risk factors of bronchopulmonary dysplasia in very low birth weight infants

Objective To investigate the risk factors of bronchopulmonary dysplasia(BPD)in very low birth weight infant.Methods The clinical data of 49 very low birth weight infants in our NICU from Sep 2006 to Sep 2009 were reviewed,and divided into BPD group(n =15)and without BPD group(n =34).The risk factors of BPD were analysed.Results Compared with the infants without BPD,there were significant differences in gestational age[(29.30 ± 1.48)week vs(30.54 ± 1.60)week],hospital-acquired infection(9 cases vs 10 cases),intrauterine infection(9 cases vs 8 cases),the time for continuous positive airway pressure(CPAP)[(12.47 ± 5.83)d vs(4.24 ± 4.19)d],the time for hyperoxia[(1.47 ± 1.41)d vs (0.18 ±0.63)d],patent ductus arteriosus(5 cases vs 1 cases)(P＜0.05).Logistic regression revealed that intrauterine infection and the time for CPAP were independent risk factors of BPD(P ＜0.05).Conclusion Prophylaxis of intrauterine infection may decrease the mortality and severity of BPD.The prolonged time for CPAP may predict the risk of BPD.