偏头痛临床特点回顾性分析

目的 分析门诊偏头痛的临床特征,为偏头痛的正确诊治提供帮助.方法 回顾性分析309例偏头痛的临床特点,比较不同性别、类型之间的异同,以及总结偏头痛发生药物过量性头痛(MOH)的危险因素.结果 女性与男性之比约为3:1,76.1%的患者有诱因,最常见的头痛特点是中到重度疼痛(97.7%)、日常体力活动加剧头痛(75.1%)及伴有恶心(90.9%)或呕吐(70.6%);不同性别、类型之间临床特点不全相同;偏头痛发生MOH的危险因素是发病年龄大、发作频率高和频繁使用止痛药缓解头痛.结论 详细询问患者头痛特点、诱因、治疗史是正确诊治偏头痛的基础.

A retrospective study of clinical features of migraine

Objective To observe the clinical features of migraine based on out-patient clinic data and provide help for the diagnosis and treatment of migraine. Methods In a retrospective study of 309 patients with migraine, we investigated the clinical characteristics of migraine of both genders and different types, and the risk factors for MOH transformed from migraine. Results The female to male ratio was about 3:1,76.1% of the patients had triggering factors. The most common characteristics of headache were moderate to severe intensity of the pain (97.7%), aggravation by routine physical activity (75.1%), and association with nausea (90.9%) and/or vomiting (70.6%). There were significant differences in some clinical characteristics of migraine in females as compared with these in males and in patients with migraine without aura (MWOA) as compared with those with aura (MWA). The risk factors for MOH transformed from migraine were elder age of onset, high attack frequency and the analgesics frequently used (P < 0.05).Conclusion It is suggested that carefully collecting the characteristics of headache, triggering factors and therapeutic history is the foundation of correct diagnosis and effective treatment for migraine.