改良微柱凝胶法检测ABO变异型血型

目的：建立用于检测ABO变异型血型的改良微柱凝胶法。方法：选取2016年11月至2018年5月温州医科大学附属第二医院育英儿童医院、温州市人民医院和瑞安市人民医院ABO血型凝集强度改变或正反定型不一致的患者12例。采用血型血清学检查和血型基因检测结合临床表现确认标本ABO血型；对已知血型标本用微柱凝胶法复核；用1% O型、A3亚型和A抗原减弱红细胞调整微柱凝胶法离心方式建立改良微柱凝胶法，并对全部标本进行检测。结果：12例标本中A3亚型1例，B（A）型3例，类孟买型3例，ABO抗原减弱5例；微柱凝胶法和盐水试管法检测敏感度相似，12例标本中只检出2例，检出比例为2/12；选定改良微柱凝胶法的离心方式为900 r/min离心2 min、4 ℃孵育30 min、1 800 r/min离心3 min；用改良微柱凝胶法检测12例标本，1例不能检出，检出比例为11/12。结论：本研究建立的改良微柱凝胶法通过改变微柱凝胶血型卡的离心方式、增加孵育时间和孵育温度，提高了检测敏感度，适合ABO变异型血型的筛检。

Establishment of modified microcolumn gel method for detection of ABO variant blood type

Objective: To establish a modified microcolumn gel method for the detection of ABO variant blood type. Methods: From November 2016 to May 2018, 12 patients with ABO blood group agglutination intensity change or inconsistent positive and negative stereotypes were selected from the Second Affiliated Hospital & Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou People’s Hospital and Rui’an People’s Hospital. The ABO blood type of the specimens was confirmed by blood type serogy test and blood type gene test combined with clinical manifestations. The known blood group specimens were detected by microcolumn gel method. A modified microcolumn gel method was established by using 1% O, A3 subtype and A antigen weakened erythrocytes to adjust the way of centrifugation of microcolumn gel method, which was used to detect all the samples. Results: Of the 12 cases, there was 1 case of A3 subtype, 3 cases of B(A) type, 3 cases of Mumbai type and 5 cases of ABO blood group antigen with weak expression. The sensitivity of microcolumn gel method was similar to that of saline tube test. Only 2 of 12 specimens were detected, with the detection rate being 2/12. The centrifugation method of the modified microcolumn gel method was 900 r/min centrifugation 2 min, 30 min incubated at 4 °C and 1 800 r/min centrifugation 3 min. Only 1 case of the 12 specimens could not be detected by the modified microcolumn gel method, the detection rate being 11/12. Conclusion: The modified microcolumn gel method established in this study improves the detection sensitivity by changing the centrifuge mode and increased incubation time and incubation temperature of the microcolumn gel blood type card. It is suitable for screening ABO variant blood groups.