急性乙醇中毒患者纳洛酮应用剂量的相关影响因素分析

目的研究救治急性乙醇中毒患者的纳络酮剂量范围，并分析不同临床特点患者的用量范围。方法2012年1月至2013年12月收治284例急性乙醇中毒患者，先给予患者0．8mg纳洛酮静脉注射，然后予0．2ml／h静脉滴注直至患者清醒。计算患者的清醒时间及总纳洛酮用量，分析不同性别、年龄、体重、饮酒量、中毒时间长短的纳洛酮用量差异，并采用多重线性回归方法分析纳洛酮用量与以上因素的相关关系。结果284例患者的清醒时间为（4．22±1．64）h。纳洛酮用量为（1．61±0．73）mg。女性[（1．83±0．52）rng]、肥胖[（1．85±O．42）mg]及大量饮酒[（1．94±0．41）mg]患者的纳洛酮用量明显高于男性[（1．52±0．45）mg]、正常体重[（1．54±0．39）nag]和少量饮酒者[（1．33±0．32）mg]（P均〈0．01）。多重线性回归分析显示急性乙醇中毒患者的纳洛酮用量与性别、体重、饮酒量相关（P均〈0．01）。结论急性乙醇中毒患者的纳洛酮剂量与患者的性别、体重、饮酒量有关，对于女性、肥胖及大量饮酒的患者可以采用较高剂量的纳洛酮治疗。

Naloxone dose in the treatment of acute alcohol poisoning and its affected factors

Objective To study naloxone dose range in the treatment of patients with acute alcohol intoxica- tion and analyze the different dosage in patients with different clinical characteristics. Methods The data of 284 patients with acute alcohol poisoning admitted between January 2012 and December 2013 were collected. 0. 8 mg of naloxone was given by intravenous injecting first, and then 0.2 ml/h of naloxone was given by intravenous infusion until patient awaked. The time from beginning medieat/on to awaking and the total amount of naloxone were calculated. The variances of naloxone dosage in different gender, age, body weight, alcohol consumption and intoxication du- ration were analyzed, and the correlation between the naloxone dosage and aforementioned factors was analyzed by multiple linear regression analysis. Results In 284 patients with acute alcohol intoxication, the mean waking time was （4.22 ± 1. 64） h, and the mean applied naloxone dosage was （ 1.61 ± 0. 73 ） rag. The naloxone dosages in female [（1.83 ± 0.52）mg] ,obesity [（1.85 ± 0.42）mg] and heavy drinking [（1.94 ± 0.41）mg] patients were re±spectively higher than those in male [ （ 1.52 ± 0.45 ） mg], normal body weight [ （ 1. 54 ± 0.39） mg ] and little drink- ing patients[ （ 1.33 ± 0.32 ） mg] （ all P 〈 0.01 ）. Conclusions The naloxonc dosage in the treatment of acute alcohol intoxication is related to gender, body weight, alcohol consumption amount, and higher naloxone dose should be applied in the treatment for female, obesity and heavy drinking patients.