山东省济宁市市售蔬菜农药残留状况及慢性暴露评估

目的 了解山东省济宁市市售蔬菜农药残留状况,评估居民农药残留慢性膳食暴露状况,为居民健康饮食提供依据。方法 2018年1—3月份抽取济宁市市售蔬菜98份,参照《蔬菜和水果中有机磷、有机氯、拟除虫菊酯和氨基甲酸酯类农药多残留的测定方法》（NY/T761-2008）检测样品中有机磷类（毒死蜱、三唑磷、丙溴磷）、有机氯类（六六六、百菌清、异菌脲）、拟除虫菊酯类（高效氯氟氰菊酯、甲氰菊酯）农药残留状况,并结合居民蔬菜消费量数据进行农药残留慢性膳食暴露风险评估。结果 样品中有机磷类农药的检出率为15.31%（15/98）;有机氯类农药的检出率为3.06%（3/98）;拟除虫菊酯类的检出率为2.04%（2/98）。通过慢性膳食暴露评估,所检测农药品种的摄入量均小于每日允许摄入量（acceptable daily intake,ADI）。结论 济宁市市售蔬菜存在不同程度的农药残留状况,不合格情况处于较低水平,农药残留量在安全范围之内。经评估市售蔬菜农药残留的慢性膳食暴露风险较小,正常摄入蔬菜类食品不会对居民健康造成不良影响。

Pesticide residues in vegetables and assessment of chronic exposure in Jining,Shandong

Objective To understand the status of pesticide residues in vegetables in Jining areas, and to evaluate the chronic dietary exposure of pesticide residues in residents, in order to provide evidence for healthy diet of residents. Methods Totally 98 vegetables sold in Jining City from January to March 2018 were sampled. According to NY/T761-2008 "Determination of organophosphorus, organochlorine, pyrethroid and carbamate pesticide residues in vegetables and fruits" method, organophosphorus (chlorpyrifos, triazophos, propofol), organochlorine (hexachlorocyclohexane, chlorothalonil, isomycocarbazide), pyrethroid (high-performance cyhalothrin, fenpropathrin) were determined. The risk of chronic dietary exposure of pesticide residues was assessed according to the test results. Results The detection rate of organophosphorus pesticides (chlorpyrifos, Triazophos and propofol) was 15.31%(15/98), organochlorine pesticides (hexachlorocyclohexane, chlorothalonil, isomycocarbazone) was 3.06%(3/98), pyrethroids (cyhalothrin, fenpropathrin) was 2.04%(2/98). Through chronic dietary exposure assessment, the intake of pesticides tested was less than ADI. Conclusion The pesticide residues in vegetables sold in Jining City are in different degrees, the unqualified situation is in a lower level, and the pesticide residues are in a safe range. The risk of chronic dietary exposure to pesticide residues in vegetables sold on the market was assessed to be low, and residents could safely eat vegetable products.