广西环江县传疟按蚊种群密度变化

目的 分析原以嗜人按蚊为主要传疟媒介的广西环江县在消除当地疟疾后的传疟按蚊种类及密度监测结果。方法 收集整理该县历年人房和牛房传疟按蚊资料及近2年按蚊监测数据,采用Excel 2003版软件进行统计分析和图表制作。结果 该县历史上存在按蚊种类20种,传疟按蚊种群密度依次为嗜人按蚊、中华按蚊、微小按蚊、日月潭按蚊。嗜人按蚊的人房密度高于其它传疟按蚊,季节消长与当地疟疾发病高峰密切相关,嗜人按蚊的唾液腺子孢子自然感染率为0.3%（5/1 585）。1982—1983年采用通宵人工捕蚊的方法观察结果显示,人房嗜人按蚊密度占55.68%,中华按蚊占21.77%,日月潭按蚊占19.81%,微小按蚊占0.05%。牛房嗜人按蚊密度占6.21%,中华按蚊占67.55%,日月潭按蚊占13.89%,微小按蚊占0.07%。2015—2016年在该县大安乡采用通宵灯诱方法捕蚊观察,2015年结果显示,牛房、室外和人房共捕获按蚊604只,经鉴定全部为中华按蚊,其中牛房占35.43%,室外占34.27%,人房占30.30%。2016年结果显示,牛房、室外和人房共捕获按蚊811只,经鉴定99.63%为中华按蚊,其中牛房占54.25%,室外占36.37%,人房占9.00%,在5月份的牛房和室外分别捕获嵌斑按蚊1只和日月潭按蚊2只。结论 该县目前的传疟媒介是以单一的中华按蚊为优势蚊种。

Population density of Anopheles in Huanjiang County,Guangxi

Objective To comparative results analysis of the species and density of Anopheles after eliminating local malaria in Huanjiang County, Guangxi, where Anopheles anthropophagus was the mainly spread vector of malaria. Methods Collect and compile the county Anopheles mosquito data of room and cattle room and nearly 2 years of Anopheles monitoring data, we used Excel 2003 software for statistical analysis and chart production. Results There were 20 species of Anopheles mosquitoes in the history of the county. The population density of Anopheles in proper order was Anopheles anthropophagus, Anopheles sinensis, Anopheles minimus, and Anopheles candidiensis. The population density of Anopheles anthropophagus was higher than that of other Anopheles. The seasonal growth and decline was closely related to the peak of local malaria. Natural infection rate of salivary gland spores was 0.3% (5/1 585). From 1982 to 1983, the results of artificial mosquito trapping in overnight use showed that the density of Anopheles anthropophagus accounted for 55.68%, Anopheles sinensis accounted for 21.77%, Anopheles candidiensis accounted for 19.81%, and Anopheles minimus accounted for 0.05% in human housing. The density of Anopheles anthropophagus accounted for 6.21%, Anopheles sinensis accounted for 67.55%, Anopheles candidiensis accounted for 13.89%, and Anopheles minimus accounted for 0.07% in cow room. In 2015-2016, the use of overnight light traps in Daan Township of the county to observe mosquitoes. In 2015, the results showed that total 604 Anopheles mosquitoes were captured in cow room, outdoor and human houses. All of them were identified as Anopheles sinensis, of which cow room accounted for 35.43%, outdoor accounted for 34.27%, and human houses accounted for 30.30%. The results of 2016 showed that total 811 Anopheles mosquitoes were captured in cow room, outdoor and human houses, and 99.63% of them were identified as Anopheles sinensis, of which 54.25% were cow room, 36.37% were outdoor, and 9.00% were human houses. One Anopheles tessellatus and two Anopheles candidiensis were captured in the cow house and the outdoor in May. Conclusions The county current malaria media is a single mosquito species of Anopheles sinensis.