呼吸道病原体九项联合检测AIDS患者呼吸道感染疾病

目的 通过对呼吸道病原体九项联合检测AIDS患者呼吸道感染疾病的结果进行分析,为临床诊治提供借鉴。方法 回顾性分析2014年1月—2018年1月间就诊的1 631例呼吸道感染的艾滋病患者的九项呼吸道病原体联合检测结果,其中≤18岁、19~44岁、45~59岁及≥60岁患者人数分别为227、788、387及229人,春夏秋冬四季发病例数分别为371,366,411和483例。结果 共检出非典型病原体感染162例、两种以上的混合感染20例,总检出率及混合感染检出率分别为9.93%和1.23%,其中检出率最高的病原体是军团菌血清1 型( 5.70%);总检出率及混合检出率与年龄之间均存在关联性（P<0.001）;≤18岁、19~44岁、45~59岁及≥60岁组病原体总检出率分别为6.61%,7.87%,11.63%和17.47%,混合感染病原体检出率分别为0.44%,0.63%,1.55%和3.49%;春夏秋冬四季病原体检出率分别为7.28%,5.46%,12.41%和13.25%,差异有统计学意义（P<0.001）。结论 呼吸道病原体九项联合检测可以提示AIDS患者呼吸道感染疾病常见的病原体种类及流行病学特点,为临床提供早期诊断、治疗和合理用药的依据。

Nine combined detection of respiratory pathogens in AIDS patients with respiratory tract infections

Objective To provide reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment, the results of nine combined detection of respiratory pathogens in patients with AIDS were analyzed. Methods A retrospective analysis of the results of nine respiratory pathogens in 1 631 AIDS patients with respiratory tract infections admitted hospital from January 2014 to January 2018. Among them, 227, 788, 387 and 229 patients aged ≤18 years, 19-44 years, 45-59 years and over 60 years, respectively. The number of cases in spring, summer, autumn and winter were 371, 366, 411 and 483 cases, respectively. Results A total of 162 cases of atypical pathogen infection and 20 cases of mixed infection were detected. The total detection rate and the detection rate of mixed infection were 9.93% and 1.23%, respectively. The highest detection rate was Legionella pneumnopila type l (5.70%). There were significant correlations between total detection rate and mixed detection rate and age(P<0.001). The total detection rates of pathogens in the groups (≤18 years old, 19-44 years old, 45-59 years old and ≥60 years old) were 6.61%, 7.87%, 11.63% and 17.47%, respectively, the detection rates of mixed infection pathogens were 0.44%, 0.63%, 1.55% and 3.49%, respectively. The detection rates of pathogens in spring, summer, autumn and winter were 7.28%, 5.46%, 12.41% and 13.25%, respectively, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.001). Conclusions The combined detection of nine respiratory pathogens can reveal the common pathogens and epidemiological characteristics of respiratory infections in AIDS patients, and provide evidence for early diagnosis, treatment and rational drug use in clinic.