新发传染病鉴定技术研究进展

近年来,人与野生动物日益频繁的接触,再加上病原微生物本身不断的变异和进化,导致新发传染病(emerging infectious diseases,EIDs)的发生呈持续增长态势,暴发频率不断增加,给全球公共卫生带来极大威胁与挑战。在下一次新发传染病暴发之际,希望能通过合理运用相关技术方法准确快速回答“病原体是什么”、“病原体来自哪”两大问题,从而及时有效预警并从源头控制新发传染病的大流行。对当前新发传染病病原体的鉴定技术进行归纳介绍,并探讨各种技术的优劣势以及各自应用领域。

Research progress on identification technology of emerging infectious diseases

In recent years,the increasingly frequent contact between humans and wild animals,coupled with the continuous mutation and evolution of pathogenic microorganisms,has led to a continuous increase and frequent outbreaks in emerging infectious diseases(EIDs),which has posed big threats and challenges to the global public health.On the occasion of the next outbreak of EIDs,it is hoped that the two major questions of"what is the pathogen"and"where does the pathogen come from"can be answered accurately and quickly through the rational use of relevant technical methods,so as to timely and effectively warn and control the outbreak of EIDs from the source.This article summarizes the pathogen identification and traceability analysis techniques of current emerging infectious diseases,and discusses the advantages and disadvantages of various technologies and their respective application fields.