子宫肌瘤囊变的超声诊断与鉴别诊断

目的　探讨子宫肌瘤囊变的超声图像特征、诊断及鉴别诊断要点。方法　对经术后病理证实的3 3例子宫肌瘤囊变患者的超声图像及临床症状、体征进行对照、分析。结果　( 1 )直径大于5 .0 cm的肌瘤占73 % ( 2 4 / 3 3 ) ;( 2 )肌瘤囊变患者的就诊原因多为发现腹部包块和阴道不规则流血;( 3 )经阴道彩色多普勒检查2 7例探及血流信号,频谱多普勒2 2例捕捉到满意频谱。经腹彩色多普勒检查仅3例探及血流信号。结论　( 1)肌瘤囊变的发生率与肌瘤大小有关;( 2 )肌瘤囊变的临床症状、体征与肌瘤的位置有关;( 3 )黏膜下肌瘤囊变需与葡萄胎、内膜息肉囊变鉴别,浆膜下肌瘤囊变需与盆、腹腔的肿物鉴别

Ultrasonic Differential Diagnosis in Cystic Lesions of Hysteromyoma

Objective To probe the characteristics of cystic lesions of hysteromyoma on ultrasonic image and the main points of differential diagnosis.Methods Thirty-three cases with cystic lesions of hysteromyoma proved by surgery and pathology were compared and analysed with ultrasonic images and clinical symptoms.Results (1)The myoma diameter>5.0 cm was in 24 patients,(24/33,73%);(2)Most of the patients appeared masses in abdomen and vaginal bleeding irregularly;(3)Bleed signal was discovered in twenty-seven cases via vaginal color Doppler ultrasound and good Doppler spectra were obtained in twenty-two cases.Blood signals were obtained only in three cases via abdomenal color Doppler.Conclusions (1)The incidence of cystic lesions in hysteromyoma related to the size of the myoma;(2)Clinical symptoms and physical signs related to the site of the myoma in uterus;(3)The cystic lesion of submucous myoma should be distinguished from that of hydatiform mole and of endometrial polyp,but that of hyposerous myoma should be distinquished from that of pelvie and abdominal masses.