医学生营养知识-态度-行为现状调查分析

目的调查某医学院校医学生营养知识-态度-行为（KAP）现状，为针对性对其进行营养教育和干预提供依据，增强医学生日后在医疗工作中的营养治疗意识。方法采用分层随机抽样的方法，对某医学院校800名医学生的KAP现状进行调查分析。结果医学生中女性的营养知识（K）、态度（A）、行为（P）得分及KAP总分均高于男生，差异有统计学意义（，分别为2．272，2．035，2．435，3．096，均P〈0．05）；高年级医学生K、A得分及KAP总分优于低年级学生（f分别为6．017，2．018，4．441，均P〈0．05），不同年级学生间P得分差异无统计学意义（t=0．153，P=0．2265）；城市生源地间学生K、A得分及KAP总分高于农村生源学生（f分别为2．138，11．561，2．800，均P〈0．05），不同生源地问学生P得分差异无统计学意义（t=0．061，P=0．0585）；营养知识与吃零食、在外就餐和每天吃早餐的食用行为存在相关性（P〈0．05），营养态度与每天吃早餐的行为存在相关性（火0．05）。结论医学生营养知识缺乏，营养行为较差，但营养态度较为积极，应加强对医学生尤其是男生、低年级、农村学生的营养教育。

Investigation on medical students' knowledge, attitude and practice of nutrition

Objective To investigate the medical students＇ knowledge, attitude and practices（KAP） of nutrition, provide the necessary information for nutrition education, and improve their own health and future participation in medical nutrition therapy. Methods A random cluster survey of 800 students in some Medical School was performed using questionnaire survey approach. Results Girls got higher scores than boys on nutritional knowledge （K）, attitude （A） and practice （P） separately as well as the total KAP score （t=2.272, 2.035, 2.435, 3.096, all P〈0.05）. Medical students in seniors years did better than the juniors on the K, A, and KAP （t=6.017, 2.018, 4.441, all P〈0.05）; and there was no statistical difference of P among different grades （t=0.153, P=0.2265）. Students from the urban area had higher scores than those from the rural area on K, A and KAP （t=2.138, 11.561, 2.800, all P〈0.05）, while there was no statistical difference of P among students from different areas （t=O.061, P=0.0585）. There was relationship between K and eating snacks, dining out and having breakfast every day, and A between having breakfast every day. Conclusions The medical students lack nutritional knowledge, their own nutritional status is poor, but the attitude towards nutrition is relatively positive. More nutrition education should be given to boys, students in lower grades, and rural students.