三聚氰胺致泌尿系结石的超声表现

目的 总结三聚氰胺致婴幼儿泌尿系结石的超声图像特征.方法 应用高频凸阵探头对5337例小儿的泌尿系进行检查,并分析其声像图特点.超声诊断困难时,行CT平扫.结果 结石阳性病例146例,其中单侧肾结石92例,双侧肾结石48例,膀胱结石3例,尿道结石1例,肾钙质沉淀症2例;可疑结石214例,结石伴梗阻28例.超声检查中发现最小结石为3 mm×2 mm,最大结石为肾盂肾盏铸型的鹿角状结石.结论 泥沙样结石是三聚氰胺致泌尿系结石的特点.CT平扫可作为超声诊断困难时的进一步检查方法 .应用高频凸阵探头进行检查,图像清晰,解剖层次分明,对本类疾病的诊断及鉴别诊断有较为实际的应用价值.

Ultrasound findings in urinary calculi caused by melamine

Objective To analyze the ultrasound findings of urinary calculi caused by melamine. Methods The urinary system of totally 5337 children were examined with high frequency convex ultrasound probe,the characteristics of the images were analysed. CT plain scan method was used when ultrasound result was in difficulty. Results There were 360 cases with calculus in the 5337 children. In the 360 cases, unilateral calculus was in 92 cases, bilateral calculus in 48, bladder stone in 3, urethra stone in 1, kidney calcium deposition in 2, suspicion stone in 214 cases, urinary obstruction in 28 of them. The size of the stones ranged from 3 mm×2 mm to stag-horn calculus. Conclusions The urinary calculi caused by melamine is sandy stone. Ultrasound result is equivocal in the disease, CT plain scan can be a method of choice. High frequency convex probe provides more clear images, more evident adminstrative levels of anatomise than general abdominal probe does. It is beneficial for diagnosing and differential diagnosing of these diseases.