新生儿危重先天性心脏病的外科治疗

目的：总结连续8例新生儿危重先天性心脏病（先心病）的外科治疗结果和经验。方法：2001年5月至2002年2月,手术治疗8例危重先心病新生儿,手术年龄6-30d,体重3-4.5kg,包括室间隔完整的完全性大动脉错位3例,室间隔缺损合并房间隔缺损（ASD）2例,完全性房室隔缺损1例,心上型完全性肺静脉异位引流合并ASD1例,动脉导管未闭1例。对动脉导管未闭（PDA）患儿在常温全麻下结扎,其余7例均在中低温或深低温体外循环下行心脏大血管畸形解剖矫治。结果：8例均治愈,在监护室逗留2-10d,术后7-15d出院。术后并发症有低心排、纵隔感染及呼吸窘迫综合征。出院后随访结果满意。结论：对新生儿危重复杂先心病应早期诊断,积极开展手术治疗。

Surgical treatment of newborns with congenital heart diseases

OBJECTIVE: To summarize the experience of surgical treatment of newborns with congenital heart diseases. METHODS: The experience of surgical treatment of 8 newborns with critical congenital heart diseases, including 3 cases of D-transposition of great arteries with intact ventricular septum, 2 cases of ventricular septal defect with artrial defect (ASD), one case of complete atrioventricular canal defect, 1 case of obstructed supracardiac total anomalous pulmonary venous drainage with ASD, and 1 case of patent ductus arteriosus (PDA). RESULTS: The case of PDA underwent ligation under normothermic anesthesia and the other 7 cases were operated upon under moderate or deep hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass. All the 8 cases were observed in ICU for 2 approximately 10 days, and were discharged 7 approximately 15 days after operation. The follow-up after discharge showed a satisfying outcome. The postoperative complications included low cardiac output, infection of mediastinum, and respiratory distress syndrome. CONCLUSION: The critical and complex congenital heart diseases should by diagnosed as early as possible and emergency operation is effective and feasible.